A

• a(d) (general sense) to. indicating that toward which there is movment, tendency, or position, with or without arrival; opposed to from (de, ek); (cf. vers, til); il iris a la kirko: he went to (the) church; il venas de Paris a London: he is on his way from Paris to London; la hundo jetis su a la kato: the dog sprang at the cat; del (de la) esto al (ad la) westo: from (the) east to (the) west; de tempo a tempo: from time to time; de un dio a l’altra: from one day to another, from day to day; de la supro a l’infro: from top to bottom; (dative: indirect object) donez a me la bastono: give me the stick; il parolis ad el: he spoke to her. (object of action, thought, desire) il elevas su a la richeso e a la honori: he is rising to weather and honors; atencema a la diskurso, attentive to the discourse; surda a la distreso-krii: deaf to the cries of distress; amo a Deo: love to God; me deziras a vu omna feliceso: I wish you all happiness. (comparison or relation) agreabla a la gusto: agreeable to the taste; ca okupo konvenas ad il: this occupation suits him; (proportion; total) tri raportas a non quale du a sis: three is to nine as two is to six; evaluar lua revenuo a 10.000 franki; taxar ol a 400 franki: to estimate his income as (amounting to) 10,000 francs; to tax it at (at the rate of, a total of) 400 francs. Note: Ad is often joined to other prepositions, to verbal roots, adverbs, particularly to add the idea of motion. — FILS
• -ab- suffix indicating the perfect tense. Def.: Verbal infixo qua indikas, che verbo, la anteeso kompare a tempo-punto di epoko pasinta o futura.
• abad-o abbot or abbess; -ino: abbess; -ulo: a.; -eyo: abbey; -eso: abbotship; -ala, -ey-ala: abbatial. — DEFIRS
• abak-o (math., arch.) abacus. — DEFIS
• abandon-ar (tr.) to abandon, (wholly) give up, (totally) relinquish, forego, forsake. Ex.: Abandonar navo, domo, projeto, infanto. Abandonar su a desespero, a joyo. Ant.: gardar, retenar. V. exp.: Livar urbo, portuo, domo, persono ... esas simple forirar de ol sen ula sentimental impliko. Abandonar persono, ofico, posteno, esas sive lasar li, nevolunte o kontrevole, sive violacante ula devo (abandonar infanti, parenti). Retretar esas retromarchar: la senco primitiva e propra esas militala; senci figurala e derivta: livar la mondo (religiala retreto), funciono od agado (retreto di oficisto, komercisto, e.c.). — EFIS
• abanik-o hand fan. Def.: Manu-ventizilo por agitar l’aero ye freshigo: en sudala landi l’abaniko uzesas freque. — S
• abas-ar (tr.) to lower: let down to a lower level; (fig.) to abase (morally), debase; abasez la tirani: down with the tyrants; abasez la manui: hands off!; abasez la chapeli: hats off! Ex.: Abasar la kapo, la brakio, la manuo; abasar levero, standardo, espado, fusilo, velo; omno to signifikas pozar (plu) infre. En la figurala senco, on abasas persono, reduktante lu ad infra rango, kondiciono, e.c.; on abasas su, prenante infra rango, humila posturo, e.c.. Ant.: levar, elevar. V. exp.: Abasar ne esas basigar. Basigar esas igar (plu) basa, des-altigar (E. to make less in height); abasar esas igar decensar ad infra nivelo. — EFI
• abat-ar (tr., phys. sense) to knock, beat, strike down, fell; -aj-aro: (fort.) abatis. Ex.: Abatar arboro, domo, muro, persono — EFIS
• abatis-o (of fowl, game) refuse parts, as head, feet, wings, skin, etc.; small edible parts, as giblets. Def.: Mikra parti di pultro, anke di leporo. — F
• abces-o (med.) abscess; -eskar: to become or turn to an a. Def.: Pusoza kavajo en la korpo. — DEFIRS
• abcis-o (geom.) abscissa. — DEFIRS
• abdik-ar (tr.) to abdicate. V. exp.: Abdikar dicesas precipue pri la reji o suvereni, qui cesas regnar por transmisar la povo a sucedanto, sive naturala, sive selektata; abdikar ne esas simple demisionar, ma demisionar por ulu, do facante ankore ago di suvereneso. Vid. abnegar, renuncar, rezignar. — DEFIRS
• abdomin-o abdomen. V. exp.: Abdomino esas ciencala vorto, plu preciza kam ventro. — DEFIS
• abdukt-ar (tr., physiol.) to abduct. Note: Not abduct: to kidnap; cf. raptar. — DEFIS
• abel-o bee; -eyo: apiary; -uyo: beehive; -ino: female or queen-bee; -ulo drone-bee; -edukado: bee-culture; eduk-isto: bee-master. — FIS
• aberac-o (astr., opt.) aberration; -ar: (intr.) to be aberrant. — DEFIRS
• abiet-o (bot.) fir-, spruce-tree (genus: Abies). — EFIS
• abis-o abyss. Def.: granda profundajo submara. — EIS
• Abisini-a Abyssinia; -ano: Abyssinian
• abism-o (also fig.) abyss. — EFIS
• abjekt-a (morally) abject, mean; -eso, abjectness (quality); -ajo a. act. Def.: Qua esas di extrema grado di etikala abaseso. Ex.: Persono, sentimenti abjekta. Ant.: nobla. — DEFIS
• abjur-ar (tr.) to abjure. Def.: Renuncar publike e solene. Ex.: Abjurar religio, doktrino, opiniono. — DEFIS
• ablacion-o (surg.) ablation; -ar: to ablate: to remove by surgical operation. Ex.: Ablaciono di membro, di tumoro. — DEFIS
• ablakt-ar (tr.) to wean; -(ad)o, -eso: (act, state) weaning, ablactation. Def.: Deskustumigar (infanto) de l’alaktado. — DEFIS
• ablativ-o (gram.) ablative (-case). — DEFIRS
• ablegat-o (eccl.) ablegate. — DEFI
• ablet-o (ich.) ablet, bleak (Alburnus lucidus). — EF
• ablucion-ar (tr., relig., med.) to purify by washing; -o: ablution. Def.: Lavar parto di la korpo segun medicinal (o religiala) preskripti. — DEFIS
• abneg-ar (tr.) to abnegate, deny one-self; -o, -eso abnegation, self-denial. V. exp.: Abnegar esas renuncar omna profito, personal interesto o mem plezuro, por konsakrar su ad altru or ad ula sociala religiala verko. Abnegar esas propre renuncar su ipsa t.e. sua propra feliceso; vid. renuncar, abdikar, rezignar. — DEFIS
• abolis-ar (tr.) to abolish; -ismo: abolitionism; -ism-ano: abolitionist. V. exp.: Abolisar, abrogar, supresar: Supresar esas la generala vorto, la du altra esas specala e teknikal termini. On abrogas lego per altra lego, dekreto per altra dekreto, qua nuligas l’antea. On abolisas institucuro o kustumo (ex. rejeso, privileji, sklaveso). — DEF
• abomin-ar (tr.) to abominate, abhor, loathe, detest (cf. odieg-ar, horor-ar); -ajo: an abominable act or object; -inda: abominable, detestable, execrable. — EFIS
• abon-ar (tr.) to subscribe for or to (a periodical) igar-ar: to cause (ulu) to subscribe to (ulo); -o: subscription (to a journal); -o-preco: cost of subscription; -anto-, -into: subscriber. — DFIRS
• abord-ar (tr.) to land on a (shore, a wharf, etc.); to board (a ship, a vehicle); (fig.) to go alongside, come up close to. Def.: Irar sur ulo o, per extenso, venar flanke ad, bordo an bordo kun ulo (por irar sur ol). L’etimologiala senco esas: irar a (sur) la bordo di ulo. Ex.: La Portugalani esis le unesma qui abordis la literi di India. Abordar la navo dil enemiko. La navo abordas (ad, an) la warfo. La pasajanti abordas sur la warfo. — EFIRS
• aborijen-a, -o aboriginal, autochthon. V.exp.: Aborijeno, indijeno: Indijeno signifikas simple la populo (raso) qua habitas la lando ‘de l’origino’ (historiala). Ex. Omna Amerikani qui naskis en Amerika esas indijena, opozite a l’enmigranti ed a l’Europani (mem samlingua e samrasa), ma nur l’Indiani e simila rasi esas aborijena. — EFIS
• abort-ar (intr.) to abort, miscarry; (fig.) to come to nothing, fail; -o: miscarriage; -ala: abortive; -igar: to cause a. to (ulu); -igo: miscarriage (caused); -ig-iva, -anta: abortive (capable of producing and abortion); -ig-ivo, -ilo: something causing abortion; -uro: an abortive child or thing. — DEFIS
• aboy-ar (int., also fig.) to bark, bay; -etar: to yelp; -achar: to give tongue falsely, snarl, bawl. — FI
• abrevi-ar (tr.) to abbreviate (words), abridge (a book), curtail (a narrative); (cf. rezumar, kurt-igar); -(ad)o, -uro: abbreviation, abridgment. — DEFIS
• abrikot-o (fruit) apricot; -iero: a. tree. — DEFIRS
• abrog-ar (tr.) to abrogate, repeal, annul. V. exp.: vid. abolisar. — DEFIS
• abrotan-o (bot.) abrotanum, southernwood (Artemisia Abrotanum). — ISL
• abrupt-a precipitous, cragged, abrupt; (fig.) rough, broken, unpolished. Ex.: L’abrupta flanko di monto. Stilo, karaktero abrupta. V. exp.: vid. eskarpa. — DEFIS
• absent-a absent: not present (de); -(ul)o: absentee; -eso: absence; -eskar: to absent oneself, keep out of the way; -a de Paris: a. from Paris; -a per konjedo: a. on leave. Ant.: prezenta. — DEFIRS
• absint-o (bot.) absinth, wormwood; -o-liquoro: absinth(e) (the liquor). — DEFIRS
• absolut-a absolute: unlimited, unrestricted; -ajo: (philos.) something unconditioned; -o: an absolute being; -e: absolutely; -ismo: absolutism; -isto: absolutist; ablativo absoluta: ablative absolute. Ex.: Povo, rejo absoluta. Absoluta neposiblajo. — DEFIRS
• absolv-ar (tr.) to absolve, acquit, exculpate; -o: (rel.) absolution, (jur.) acquittal; (cf. indulgar). Def.: Deklarar senkulpa (do nepunisebla) ula akuzato. Ant.: kondamnar. — DEFIS
• absorb-ar (tr., physical sense) to absorb; (fig.) to engross (attention); -o, -eso: absorption; -iva, -anta; -ivo, -ilo: absorbent; -iva papero: blotting paper; -o-puteo: cesspool. Ex.: Sablo absorbas aquo. Lo nigra absorbas la lumo. Absorb-esar da meditado. Vaskularo absorbiva. — DEFIS
• absten-ar (tr.) to abstain (voluntarily) from, to refrain from (ulo); -(ad)o abstention; -anta, -ema: abstemious, sober; -anto, -ero: abstainer; -emeso: abstinence (habitual state); igar ar: to cause (ulu) to abstain from (ulo); -eskar: to begin to abstain; Ex.: Ne esas facila abstenar drinkar, kande on durstas. V. ex.: Abstenar, karear: Karear ne implikas ‘vole’, ol prefere implikas ‘nevole’ o mem ‘kontrevole’. On abstenas kozo, quan on havas o povus havar; on kareas kozo, quan on ne havas o ne povas havar (nun). Ex.: En voyajo on mustas karear multa kozi (pro ke la kozi mankas); ma se on havus li, probable on ne abstenus li. — DEFIS
• absters-ar (tr., surg.) to absterge, cleanse (wounds). — DEFIS
• abstinenc-ar (intr., relig.) to abstain (from meat), to practise abstinence (from pleasure), to fast (de). — DEFIS
• abstrakt-a abstract. Def.: Qua indikas qualeso en su ipsa, sen realeso: blankeso, boneso, vakueso, esas abstrakta idei e vorti; -igar: to abstract — DEFIRS
• abstruz-a abstruse, recondite. Del.: Desfacile komprenebla e tedanta. — DEFIS
• absurd-a absurd, preposterous. Del.: Kontre la komuna raciono. Ant.: saja, racion-oza. — DEFIRS
• abuli-o (med.) abulia. — DEFIS
• abund-ar (intr.) to abound, be plentiful (de); -anta: abundant, exuberant, luxuriant; -eganta: superabundant; -o-korno: horn-of-plenty, cornucopia. Ant.: esar skarsa, mankar. — EFIS
• abut-ar (intr.) to abut (ad), come out (into), end (in); (abscess) to come to a head. Def.: Tushar per un extremajo. Ex.: Omna radii di cirklo abutas al centro. — EFIS
• abutment-o (arch.) abutment (as of a bridge). — E
• aceler-ar (tr.) to accelerate, hasten, quicken. Ex.: Acelerar la pazi. Ant.: moderar, (plu)lent-igar. — EFIS
• acend-ar (tr.) to light (a lamp), to kindle (a fire), to turn on (electric light); (fig.) to inflame (the passions); -ilo: (instr.) lighter; -o-ligno: kindling. Ant.: extingar. — LIS
• acens-ar (tr., intr) to go up, ascend, mount; -anta: ascending, rising; -eyo: place to mount (as stair, ascent); -ilo: lift, elevator, hoist; -o-festo: Ascension Day; -o rekta: (astron). right ascension. Def.: Irar ad-supere. Ex.: Acensar (sur) kavalo, eskalero, monto. Ant.: decensar. — DEFIS
• acent-o accent: stress of voice (not written accent, cf. super-signo); -izar; to accent, lay stress on; -izo, -iz-uro: accentuation; sen-acenta, ne-acent-izita: unaccented. — DEFIRS
• acept-ar (tr.) to accept (something willingly, as a proposal, condition apology, challenge), to receive (a guest); -o: acception, reception, greeting; -ebla: acceptable, receivable (of guests); -anto:acceptor (also of bills); -inda: worth accepting; -o-dio: reception-day, levee. Vu esas plezure aceptata: you are welcome, Ant.: refuzar. V. exp.: recevar. — DEFIRS
• acer-o (bot.) maple-tree (genus: Acer) — FILS
• acerb-a (also fig.) acerb: sour, bitter and harsh in taste (as unripe fruit); -eso:: acerbity, harshness; severity. Ex.: Frukto acerba. Parolado acerba. V. exp.: vid. aspera. — EFIS
• aces-ar (tr.) to have access to (ulu, ulo); (med.) to have an access, an attack; -o: access, entry; (med.) attack; -ebla: accessible, approachable. Ex.: Il acesas loko, persono (o havas aceso a loko, persono). Loko, persono acesebla. Aceso di febro, (fig.) aceso di iraco, furio, desespero. — EFIS
• acesit-o accesit: honorable mention accorded to a student. — DEFIS
• acesor-a accessory, subsidiary; (cf. help-anta, konfirm-anta, surogata); -o,-ajo: an accessory; (milit., ledra-) accoutrement. Def.: Qua akompanas precipuajo. Ant.: esencala, precipua. — DEFIRS
• acetat(-acido) acetic acid. — DEFIS
• acetilen-o (chem.) acetylene; -lampo: a. lamp. — DEFIRS
• acetometr-o acetimeter. — DEFIRS
• aceton-o acetone. Def.: Liquido qua formacas su kande on distilas acetato. — EFIS
• -ach- imparts a pejorative (contemptuous, disparaging) sense to the composed word: hund-acho, cur; infant-acho, brat; medik-acho, quack; parol-ach-ar, to jabber, prate; rid-(et)-achar, to giggle; dolc-acha, sickly sweet, mawkish.
• achent-o accent. Def.: Stranjera, regionala o sociala aparta pronunco e frazomelodio di ula linguo — DEFIRS
• acian-o (bot.) bluebottle, cornflower, (Centaurea Cyanus). — DISL
• acid-a acid; acetous; -eta: sour, (cf. acerba, akra); (chem.) acid; -ajo: an a. substance; -eso: acidity; -igar: to acidify; -eskar: to become a., turn sour; -igo, -esko: acidification; -oza, -atra: acidulous: -izar: to acidulate. — EFIRS
• acident-ar (tr.) to cause an accident to; -o: accident (generally in an ill sense), mishap; (philos.) accident; -a, -ala: accidental; -anto: on who or that which causes an a. -ito: vicitim of an a.; -oza: full of a.s; -e: accidentally, by chance. Def.: Efektigar acidento ad ulu (ulo). Ex.: Acidento bona o mala. La infirmaji e acidenti di la vivo homala. Kozo acidental. Deskovrar acidente ulo. — EFIRS
• acidometr-o acidimeter. — EFIRS
• acion-o (fin.) share (of a bank, railway, joint-stock company, etc.); -i: stock; -iero: share-, stock-holder; — DFIRS
• acipitr-o (orni.) goshawk (Astur palumbarius). — LF
• aciz-o town or city tax on commodities, excise, octroi. — DEFIRS
• Acor-i (insuli) the Azores.
• -ad- added to verbal roots to denote the repetition or continuation of the act; parol-adar, to speak (at length); salt-adar, to keep jumping. Note: The following examples show the distinction between -ado and -o: pafar, to shoot; pafo a single shot; paf-ado, signifies a repeated discharge, a volley; from frapar, to strike, we get frap-o, a single blow; frap-ado, a beating.
• adapt-ar (tr.) to adapt ulo ad ulo; -ar su: a. oneself; -esar: to be adapted. — DEFIRS
• ad-avan, -e, -a forward (with movement). Ex.: Avane marchar.
• ad-base (with movement) to the bottom, (cf. ad infre).
• ad-dextre (with movement) to the right (hand side).
• ad-dope (with movement) backwards.
• ad-dukt-o (anat.) adduction; -anta, -iva: adducent, afferent.
• ad-en (with movement) into. Ex.: Irar aden la gardeno. La ucelo flugis aden la kajo.
• adept-o adept. — DEFIRS
• adequat-a adequate. Ex.: Havar ideo adequata pri kozo. — DEFS
• ad-flu-ar (int.) to flow or run (to, into, as a river to the sea); (med.) to rush (as blood to the head); -(ad)o: afflux.
• ad-heme (with movement) to or toward home.
• adher-ar (intr.) to adhere (ad): stick close to, be attached; (fig.) to give adhesion (to a party, a principle); -o: adhesion, adherence; -iva: adhesive; -em-eso: adherency (tendency); -anta, -ema: adherent, sticking (ad); -anto: adherer, follower; -igar: to cause to adhere, stick. Ex.: La epidermo adheras a la pelo. Donar sua adhero a projeto. — DEFIS
• adi-ar (tr.) to bid adieu to (ulu), say good-bye; -o: adieu; -ala vizito: farewell visit. — DEFIS
• adiabat-a (thermodynamics) adiabatic.
• ad-ibe (over) there, thither, (with movement). Ex. Omnube vu iros, adibe me iros kun vu.
• adicion-ar (tr., math.) to add: cast up (numbers, cf. ad-juntar) -o: addition. Ant.: sustracionar. — DEFIS
• ad-infre (with motion) down(ward); (cf. ad-sube, ad-base). Ex.: Irar adinfre sur l’eskalero.
• ad-ir-ar (intr.) to go to, toward; to approach.
• ad-jac-ar (intr.) to be adjacent; -anta: adjacent: bordering upon.
• adjektiv-o (gram.) adjective. — DEFIS
• adjudik-ar (tr.) to adjudicate, adjudge: to award (ulo ad ulo) judicially in a controversy: (at auctions) to knock down to, declare to be the purchaser of; -o: awarding (of prizes), granting (of contracts): -ario: person who receives the award; highest tenderer; -ajo what is awarded. Ex.: Adjudikar la domo a la plendanto. Adjudikar premio ad ulu. — DEFIS
• ad-junt-ar (tr., physical sense) to add (ulo od ulo); -o: adding, subjoining, adjunction; -ajo: something added, an addition; -ita: additional. Ex.: Adjuntar plu multa sukro a siropo. Facar adjuntajo a domo. Adjuntaji a domeno. Modesteso adjuntita a merito.
• adjur-ar (tr.) to adjure: command in the name of God, to charge solemnly. Ex.: Me adjuras vu, dicar la verajo. — EF
• ad-just-igar (tr.) to adjust (ulo ad ulo), to fit, to rectify, correct. Ex.: Adjustigo esas la ago igar ulo justa ad ... Talioro adjustigas vesto ad ulu. Adjustigar balanco, mezurilo.
• adjutant-o (milit. title) adjutant, aide-de-camp. — DEFIRS
• ad-latere (with movement) sideways.
• ad-maxime at (the) most.
• ad-minime at (the) least.
• administr-ar (tr.) to administer: to manage, conduct (a business, an estate, a department of government); -eyo: office of a; -ant-aro: (collect.), -erio: (as institution) board of administration. — DEFIRS
• admir-ar (tr.) to admire; -inda; worthy of admiration, admirable. Ant.: des-prizar, des-estimar. — EFIS
• admiral-o (title) admiral. — DEFIRS
• admis-ar (tr.) to admit, to receive (ulu, ulo; cf. agnoskar); -o, -eso: admission, admittance, affiliation; -ebla, -inda: admisable, allowable. Ex.: Admisar ulu aden domo, ulu en societo. — EFIS
• ad-monte above (i.e. further up on the same general level; not overhead, cf. super), up stream (toward the mountain, the source of the stream). Aernavo flugas trans la rivero admonte de la urbo: the airship flies over (crosses) the river above (i.e. not over the city itself, but up-stream from the city). Ant.: ad-vale.
• adolec-ar (intr.) to be adolescent; -o, -eso, -tempo: adolescence, period of life between puberty and maturity; -anta: adolescent; -anto: an adolescent. — EFIS
• adopt-ar (tr.) to adopt (an opinion, a system); (jur.) to adopt (a child); (in assemblies) to agree upon, carry (a motion, resolution), to pass (a bill); -ito: an adopted child or person. Ant.: repulsar. — DEFIRS
• ador-ar (tr., rel.) to worship (Deo); (gen.) to adore, idolize (ulu, ulo); -inda: adorable. — EFIS
• ados-ar (tr.) to set the back (di ulu, ulo) to (ulu, ulo), to put back to back; -ar su: to lean one’s back; ados-taluso: (gard.) sloping bed (backed against a wall). Def.: Apogar la dorso. — FIS
• ad-port-ar (tr.) to bring: carry (ulo) to a person or place; (cf. ven-igar, quer-igar); -ajo: material brought. Ex.: Adportar ulo de Paris a London. Adportez a me ta libro.
• ad-poz-ar (tr.) to affix: put (ulo) on (ulo); (cf. sur-pozar, sigl-izar); -o: affixing; (gram.) apposition.
• adragant-o (bot.) gum-tragacanth, gum-adraganth. Def.: Gumo extrakita de tragakanto. — DEFIRS
• adrenalin-o adrenalin. — DEFIRS
• adres-o address (on a letter, parcel, etc.); -izar; to address: put an a. on (a letter). Ex.: Ca letro esas adresizita a vu. — DEFR
• Adriatik-a Adriatic.
• adsorb-ar (tr., tech.) to adsorb: to condense by adsorption. — DEFI
• ad-sub (with motion) under. Ex.: La kato kuris adsub la tablo.
• ad-sur (with motion) on to. Ex.: Irar adsur agro.
• ad-ube (with motion) (toward) where, whither. Ex.: Adube vu iras?
• adult-a adult; -o, -ulo, -ino: an a.; -eso: a. state. — EFIS
• adulter-ar (intr.) to commit adultery; -o, -eso: adultery; -anto, -into: adulterer; -ala: adulterous, adulterine. — EFIS
• adurol-o (chem.) adurol.
• ad-vale below: further down on the same general level; (not below = under, cf. sub), down stream (toward the valley, the outlet); vid. ad-monte. Ant.: ad-monte.
• ad-ven-ar (intr.) to come (towards). V. exp.: vid. arivar.
• advent-o (rel.) Advent. — DEFIS
• adventiv-a (biol.) adventitious.
• ad-ver-e indeed, in truth, it is true, to be sure. Ex.: Advere il venis, ma il agas nulo. Il venis, advere sen instrumenti.
• adverb-o (gram.) adverb; -a; -ala: adverbial. — DEFIRS
• advers-a adverse; -o, -ulo, -ino: adversary, opponent. Ex.: Fortuno adversa. Ant.: (adverso) partenero, teder-ito, help-anto, defensanto. — EFIS
• ad-vok-ar (tr.) to call, call to, hail. Ex.: Advokar la konduktoro, la guardo.
• advokat-o advocate, barrister (who pleads in court); -eso: bar (profession); -aro: the bar (collect.); -o statala: prosecuting attorney; -o konsilanta: chamber counsel. — DEFIRS
• adyunt-o deputy, associate: assistant (in some duty); -a: adjunct; -o-profesoro: assistant professor; -o di komon-estro: deputy mayor. — DEFIRS
• aer-o air; -ala: aerial; -izar: to air, renew the air, (chem.) aerate; -igo, -ifo, -izo: aeration, ventilation; -iz-ita: aired, ventilated; -oza: airy, well-ventilated; -iz-ilo: aerator, ventilator; -flu-eto: draught (of air); -o-dinamiko: aero-dynamics; -o-navo: airship (dirigible balloon; cf. aerostato); -o-nav-isto: aeronaut; -navig-(ad)o: aerial navigation, aeronautics; -o-statiko: aerostatics; -o-terapio: air-therapeutics; -o-timo: aerophobia; en libera aero: in the open air. — DEFIS
• aerobi-a (biol.) aerobic: -i: aerobia, aerobes. — DEFIS
• aerodinamik-o aerodynamics. — DEFIRS
• aerograf-o aerographer. Def.: Ciencisto pri l’aerografio — DEFIS
• aerojel-o aerogel. — DEFIRS
• aerolit-o aerolite. — DEFIRS
• aerometr-o aerometer. — DEFIRS
• aerometri-o aerometry. — DEFIRS
• aeronautik-o aeronautics. — DEFIRS
• aeroplan-o aeroplane. — DEFIRS
• aeroskop-o aeroscope. — DEFIRS
• aerosol-o aerosol. — DEFIRS
• aerostat-o aerostat, balloon (without motive power); -ala: aerostatic. Def.; ‘Balonegi’ qui flotacas pasive en l’aero (ne la ‘direktebla baloni’ a qui esas rezervita la nomo: aernavo). — DEFIRS
• aes (mus.) A flat.
• afabl-a affable, amiable; -eso: affability; -ajo: amenity, courteous act. Ant.: des-, ne-afabia, ruda, impertinenta. — EFIS
• afanon-o busybody. — I
• afecion-ar (tr.) to have an affection for, to delight in, to be fond of (ulu, ulo); -ema, -oza: affectionate, fond, loving; -ata: beloved, devoted, Ex.: La Polonani afecionas sua patrio. Afecionoza fratino. El afecionas sua matro. Ant.: antipatiar, odiar, abominar. — EFIS
• afekt-ar (tr., psychol.) to touch (the feelings), to move (emotionally); (med.) to take effect on, to sicken; -esar (da): to be moved, affected (by). Ex.: Lua desfeliceso afektis me. Afekteso nervala. — DEFIRS
• afektac-ar (tr., intr.) to pose, to make an artificial show, to pretend ostentatiously ; -(ad)o: affectedness, affectation, mannerism; -anta, -ema: affected, pretentious, finical. Ex.; Afectacar la vertuo.Afektacar kom richulo, kom eleganto. — DEFIRS
• afeli-o (astron.) aphelion. — DEFIRS
• afer-o (com.) business; (gen. sense) affair: matter, thing, concern, question, etc.; (leg.) cause, legal action; -i: (com.) trade, business; -isto: business-man; -agento: business-agent; -o politikala: political a.; -i extera: foreign a.s.; -o mala: a bad a.; a bad business; -o amor-ala: a love a.; -o honorala: a matter of honor; pledar afero: to plead a cause. V. exp.: La vorto afero aplikesas ne nur a l’aferi komercala e financala, ma a le judiciala, politikala, mem social e moral entraprezi ed agadi. — DEFIR
• Afgan-o Afghan.
• Afganistan Afghanistan.
• afidi-o (ent.) aphis, plant-louse. — EFIS
• afin-a (chem.) having affinity (ad); (fig.) akin, congenial; -eso: affinity; -esar (ad): to have a. (to). Def.: Qua havas tendenco a kombino, ad uniono. Ex.: Karbono afinesas ad oxo. Afineso spiritala, mentala. Ant.:repuls-anta, -iva. — DEFIS
• afirm-ar (tr.) to affirm, aver (the truth, or that something is true); -o: affirmation, vouching for, asseveration; -ajo: what is affirmed, the affirmative; defensar la afirmajo: to support the affirmative. Ant.: negar, dementiar. — DEFIS
• afish-o poster, bill: placard posted in a public place; -igar: to publish, gazette (ulo); -o-glutinar: to post bill, billstick; -expozo, -o-glutino: bill posting; -eyo, -tabelo: place for bill, bill-board; -o-glutin-isto: bill-sticker. — DEFIRS
• afix-o (gram.) affix: a prefix or a suffix. — DEFIRS
• aflikt-ar (tr.) to afflict: to cause to suffer mentally, to distress, grieve; -o, -eso: affliction; -anta, -iva: afflicting, distressing; -ar la karno: (fig.) to mortify the flesh. — EFIS
• aforism-o aphorism. — DEFIRS
• afrank-ar (tr.) to frank: to prepay (postage on letters), carriage on parcels); -o-, -uro: prepayment; -ita, ite: post free (of letters), carriage paid (of parcels); -ita ye bordo; (f. o. b.) free on board. — DEFIRS
• Afrik-a Africa; -ano: African.
• afront-ar (tr.) to affront: to meet front to front, to face; (fig.) to brave. Def.: Opozar (su) fronto a fronto: figurale on afrontas danjero, tempesto, e.c. — EFIS
• aft-o, -i (med.) aphtha(e), thrush. — DEFIRS
• afust-o (gun-)carriage. — FIS
• afuzion-ar (tr.) to affuse. -o: (med., rel.) affusion; pouring of water, etc., on the body. — DEFIS
• ag-ar (tr., intr.) to do, to act; -igar: to make, cause (ulu, olu) to do (ulo); -(ad)o: acting, deed, action; -anta, -ema, -iva: active; -iv-eso; -em-eso: activity; -eskar: to begin to act, to come into play; -anto, -into: doer. V. exp.: Agar, facar: La difero inter agar e facar esas proxime ta qua existas inter D. tun a machen (E. to do, to make). Ica du verbi esas transitiva, ma kun diversa senci. On facas ula kozo, konkreta objekto; ma ago havas nul objekto extera. Pro to on darfas e devas dicar: Quon vu agas? Me agas nulo (t.e.; me facas nula ago). La sequanta frazi indikas ica difero: «Quon vu agas dum la tota jorno, se on interdiktis a vu facar irga laboro manuala? Ho! me ne restas nul-aganta; me facas argila statueti. Note: Agar is also used as a suffix with the names of instruments to denote the act done with the particular instrument, as: baston-agar: to beat (with a stick), martel-agar: to hammer; fusil-agar: to shoot, etc. — DFIS
• agac-ar (tr.) to set on edge (teeth); (fig.) to irritate, annoy, tantalize, -anta, -iva: irritating, provoking. Def.: Senco propa esas iritar la nervi (specale e prope di la denti, ex. per la froto di kultelo sur plado o vitro). Ex.: Limar segilo agacas mea denti. (fig.) Agacar hundo. — F
• agam-a (biol., bot.) agamic, asexual.
• agap-o (rel.) agape: love-feast. — DEFIRS
• agar-agar-o agar-agar. Def.: Gelatino extraktita de «Gracilaria lichenoïdes», same de diversa algi. — DEFIS
• agarik-o (bot.) agaric. — EFIRS
• agat-o (min.) agate. — DEFIRS
• agav-o (bot.) agave (genus: Agave). — DEFIRS
• agend-o agenda: memorandum of things to be done. — DEFIS
• agent-o (all senses) agent; -erio: agency (establ.) -eso: agency (function); -eyo: agency (office); bors-agento: stock-broker; -o kemiala: chemical a. — DEFIRS
• agit-ar (tr.) to shake, agitate (ulo, ulu); to wave (a flag, the hand, a handkerchief); (cf. ond-ifar); (fig.) to excite (the feelings; -esar: to be agitated; -(ad)o, -eso: agitation, (tossing as by waves); -anto, -ero: agitator (person); -ilo: agitator (inst.) Ex.: Agitar liquido. Agitar populo. El agitis sua brakio vers me. — DEFIRS
• aglo-o (orni.) eagle; (fig.) heraldry, (milit. standard) eagle; (astron.) Aquilo; -o-nazo: aquiline nose. Ex.: (fig.) Romana agli. — EFIS
• aglomer-ar (tr.) to agglomerate, conglomerate; -ajo: agglomeration. — DEFIRS
• aglosi-o (zool.) aglossity: state of being tongueless.
• aglutin-ar (tr.) to agglutinate: stick as with glue; (fig.) to join together. — DEFIS
• agnel-o (poetical and rel.) lamb; (cf. muton-yuno); -eto: lambkin; -ino: ewe-l. — FIR
• agnosk-ar (tr.) to acknowledge, admit, own (something as right, good, true, false); Me agnoskas vua motivi: I admit your reasons (i.e. receive them as valid); Me agnoskas la neceseso facar ol: I admit the necessity to do it. Agnoskar guvernerio: to recognise a government. L
• agnostik-a agnostic; -ismo agnosticism. — DEFIS
• agoni-ar (intr.) to be in the death agony, in the last death struggle, in death pangs, in extremis. — DEFIRS
• agorafobi-o (med.) agoraphobia; morbid dread of, or giddiness in crossing open spaces. — EFIRS
• agost-o August; -o-mezo: the middle of A. — DEFIRS
• agr-o field: piece of ground; (cf. feldo); -ala: agrarian, rural; -ano, -isto: agrarian, country person; -o-kultiv-(ad)o: agriculture; -kul-tiv-ala: agricultural; -kultiv-isto: agriculturist; -o-mezur-(ad)o: land-surveying. Def.: Plu o min granda parto di sulo. — DEFIRS
• agraf-o hook, hook-and-eye (to fasten dresses, etc.); clasp (for book-lids, cloaks, etc.); snap (of a necklace, bracelet, etc.); (ancient) agraffe; -agar: (tr.) to hook, clasp. — DEFIS
• agreabl-a agreeable, pleasant; -ajo: a. act or object; -eso: agreeableness, charm. Ex.: Agreabla muliero, loko, figuro, sento. Ant.: des-agre-abla, des-plez-anta; ofens-iva. — EFIS
• agreg-ar (tr.) to aggregate, incorporate; to admit (into a society, university); -o: aggregation, admission; -ajo: aggregate; -ala grado: a special French university degree, lower than doktoro (F. agrégé). — DEFIRS
• agrimoni-o (bot.) agrimony. — DEFIS
• agronom-o agronomist: a scientific agriculturist. — DEFIRS
• agronomi-o agronomics: the theory of agriculture; -ala: agronomic. — DEFIRS
• agul-o needle; (R.R.) switch, (England) point; -edo: needleful; -ag-isto: needle-worker, seamstress; switch-man; -if-isto: needle-maker; -agar: to ply the needle; to switch, shunt; -truo: eye of a n.; -pinto: point of a n. trikot-agulo: knitting n.; magnet-agulo: magnetic n. — FIS
• aguti-o agouti. — DEFIRS
• ah! ah!
• ailant-o (bot.) ailanthus. — DEFIRSL
• ais (mus.) A sharp.
• -aj- with nouns and adjectives, it denotes an object possessing the quality of, or made out of, the material expressed by the original word: mol-ajo, a soft material or object; bel-ajo, a beautiful object; lign-ajo, something made of wood, woodwork. It may also denote an act (of): amik-al-ajo, an act of friendship; infant-al-ajo, a childish act. With transitive or mixed verbs, it has a passive sense, referring to the object and being identical with -ataj- or -itaj-: send-ajo, something sent; chanj-ajo, something (which is) changed; manj-ajo, something eaten; (cf. -ur-). With intransitive verbs, it has an active sense and is equivalent to -antaj-: rept-ajo, something which creeps (rept-ero is a preferable form); exist-ajo, something existing. Note (1) With transitive verbs this active sense is ordinarily expressed by -iv-, as garnis-ar (tr.) to garnish, embellish; garnis-ivo is then something which embellishes; garnis-ajo would refer to the object embellished; an orn-ivo is something which ornaments, an ornament; orn-ajo, would refer to something (which is) ornamented, not the ornament itself. Note (2): In this connection it may be said that the suffixes -iv- and -em- have essentially an active sense; -ebl-, -ind-, and -end-, have an essentially passive meaning.
• aji-o (finan.) agio: exchange premium. — DEFIRS
• ajil-a agile, nimble, quick; -eso: agility; -e: quickly, on the jump! Ant.: lenta. — EFIS
• ajiot-ar (intr.) to speculate (in public securities, stocks), to be a stock-jobber; -(ad)o: agiotage; stock-jobbing; -anto, -ero: stock-jobber. — DEFIRS
• ajorn-ar (tr.) to adjourn, put off, defer, (ulo til); -o: adjournment, postponement, reprieve; -ema: dilatory. — EFI
• ajun-a sober. Def.: Ne ja manjinta. — FIS
• ajur-o ajour-work: open-work, fret-work, (of fabric) webbed: carving, metal work, embroidery, etc. where background is pierced or removed, or where it is translucent; iz-ita kloz-ilo: lattice; -oza kesto: crate. — DEF
• ajust-ar (tr. tech.) to adjust, regulate, set (cf. ad-just-igar); Ex.: Finita instrumenti esas ajustebla. On ajustas teleskopo por la disto (ne por la direciono: apuntar);; cf. regular. — EF
• ajut-o ajutage: nozzle, spout. Def.: Specala tubulo o fino di tubo, destinita ne a juntar du tubi or recipienti (quale tubulo), ma a determinar la formo di la sprico ekiranta (ex. ye la fino di lanco por arozar). — EF
• akaci-o (bot.) acacia; (cf. robinio). — DEFIRS
• akademi-o academy: learned society, (not «high-school»); -ala: academical; -ano: academician. V. exp.: Akademio esas societo de ciencisti (generale elektita ed en fix nombro) qui ne docas. On devas do evidente rezervar akademiala a ta senco, e ne uzar ol parolante pri universitato (profesori, studenti, kursi, e.c.). — DEFIRS
• Akadi-a Acadie; -ano: Acadian.
• akant-o (bot.) acanthus. — DEFIRS
• akanton-ar (tr., milit.) to canton: billet, allot quarters (to troops in a locality); -eyo: cantonment, quarters — DEFIS
• akapar-ar (tr., finan.) to corner (goods, the market); (fig.) to monopolize. Def.: Amasigar komercaji en granda quanto por skarsigar li e cherigar lia preco. — FI
• akar-o (ent.) acarida; mite, tick. — EFIRSL
• Akay-a Achaia; -ano: Achaian.
• aklam-ar (tr.) to acclaim: to shout approval or applause. Ex.: La rejo esis kronizata inter la aklami di la turbo. Li aklamis il kom rejo. Li aklamis la propozajo. — DEFIS
• aklimat-ar (tr.) to acclimate, acclimatize: to season, to inure, accustom to a climate; (fig.) to habituate, make one feel at home. — DEFIRS
• akne-o (med.) acne; -oza, -iz-ita: pimply, blotched. — EFIS
• akolut-o acolyte. — DEFIRS
• akomod-ar (tr., tech., opt., etc.) to accomodate: adapt, adjust; -o: accommodation. — DEFIRS
• akompan-ar (tr., also mus.) to accompany: escort; (-ad)o: accompanying; -uro: accompaniment; -ar su per piano: to a. oneself on the piano. — EFIRS
• akonit-o (bot.) aconite, wolfsbane, monkshood. — DEFIRS
• akont-o installment, partial payment; -e pagar: to pay on account. Def.: Partal pago di toto debo. — DEFIS
• akor-o (bot.) calamus, sweet flag, (Acorus calamus). — L
• akord-ar (intr., mus.) to be in tune; (cf. konkordar); (gram.) to agree; -igar: to tune; (gram.) to make agree; -o, -eso: accord, agreement; -igo: tuning; -ig-ilo: (instr.) tuner; -ig-isto: (person) tuner; dis-, mis- ne- -o: discord (cf. disonanco). — DEFIRS
• akordeon-o (mus. instr.) accordion. — DEFIRS
• akr-a acrid (taste, smell); (cf. acerba, acida); harsh (in voice); (fig.) acrimonious; -eso: acridity, asperity; -a-humora: crabbed, peevish, -a-dolca: bitter-sweet. Ant.: dolca. — EFIS
• akredit-ar (tr.) to accredit: to give credit or sanction to (ulu, ulo); -ita: accredited; -o-letro: (dipl.) letter of credence, credential. — DEFIRS
• akrid-o grasshopper, cricket; (family: Akrididae); (cf. lokusto). — L
• akril-a acrylic. — DEFIRS
• akrobat-o acrobat: -ajo: a. act; -ala: acrobatic. — DEFIRS
• akroch-ar (tr.) to hang (on a hook), to hook on (ulo ad ulo), to interlock, grapple (a ship): -o: hitch, hooking on; -ar su ad: to cling (like grim death) to. — F
• akromat-a (opt.) achromatic; -eso: achromatism. — DEFIRS
• akromi-o (anat.) acromion. — DEF
• akronim-o acronym. — DEFIRS
• akropol-o acropolis. — DEFIRS
• akrostik-o acrostic. — DEFIRS
• akroterio-o acroterium. — DEFIRS
• akt-o (theater; legal document) act. — DEFIRS
• aktini-o actinia: sea-anemone. — DEFIRS
• aktinik-a actinic. Def.: Qua efektigas chanji kemiala ye radii luma o fota od energio radianta. — DEFIS
• aktiv-a active (opposed to passive; also used in com., fin., gram., mil. senses); (cf. agema, ajila); -eso: activity; -o: (gram.) active (voice); a-debaji: debts which a person has to receive: assets. Ex.: Aktiva puero, homo. Aktiva parto (en afero). Aktiva verbo. La aktivi e pasivi di ban-krotinto. Ant.: pasiva. — DEFIRS
• aktor-o actor (male or female); -ino: actress; -acho: bad a. — DEFIRS
• aktual-a actual; -ajo, -eso: actuality, question of the hour; -igar: to actualize. Def.: Qua traktesas od interesas en la nuna instanto (proxime reala); fakte e komplete existanta, opozite a to quo povus esar, ma ne esas, ed a to quo naskas o divenas (ica od ita). Ex.: Aktuala energio, opozata a potencial energio. La evento aktuala esas ... La jurnali povas vivar nur per aktualaji (E. journals can live on passing events). — DEFIS
• akul-ar (tr.) to bring to bay (ulu a ulo): To drive into a place from which there is no escape. Ex.: On povas akular kombatanto a muro, armeo a rivero o monto, bestio chasata a klozilo. — FIS
• akumul-ar (tr.) to accumulate; -(ad)o, -ajo: accumulation. Ex.: Akumular richaji, trezori, pruvi. Ant.: dis-donar. — DEFIRS
• akumulator-o (elec.) accumulator. — DEFIRS
• akupuntur-o acupuncture. — DEFIRS
• akurat-a punctual. Def.: Qua venas (persono) od eventas precize ye la loko, ye la kloko fixigita, konvencionita. V. exp.: Persono povas dicesar akurata, ma ne exakta o preciza. Akurateso indikas la ideo di sorgo. — DIRS
• akush-ar (tr., obstet.) to deliver (a woman); (cf. parturar): -o accouchment: delivery in child-bed; -ist-ino: midwife; -ala: obstetrical; -arto: obstetrics. — DEFR
• akustik-o acoustics; -ala: acoustical; -ala tubo: hearing-tube; ear trumpet. — DEFIRS
• akut-a (also fig. of sound, pain, sickness, accent) acute, sharp, keen; -ajo: a sharp object; edge; -igar: to sharpen, whet, put an edge on; -ig-ilo: sharpening instrument; whetstone; -eso: (pr. and fig.) acuteness, keen-ness; -a angulo: acute angle; -arista: sharp-edged. Ant.: obtuza. — DEFIS
• akuz-ar (tr.) to accuse, inculpate, charge with, indict; -o, -ajo: accusation: impeachment (for state offenses); charge (before a police magistrate); indictment (for larceny, etc.); -ala: accusatory; -ato, -ito: the accused, the defendant; -anto, -ero: accusor, indicter, prosecutor; -ebla: chargeable, impeachable; -motivo: reason for accusation. Def.: Imputar kulpo, delikto, krimino ad ulu. Ant.: justifikar. — EFIS
• akuzativ-o (gram.) accusative (case). — DEFIRS
• al = a la.
• al-o (also fig. of army, aeroplane, building, windmill, etc.) wing; -eto: small wing, pinion, aileron; -oza, -iz-ita: winged; -o-forma: aliform, wing-shaped: -o-stroko: wing beat, flap; brandisar la ali: to clap, flap the wings. — EFIS
• -al- denoting: relating to, pertaining to, appropriate to: autun-ala, autumnal; rej-ala, royal; nacion-ala, national; sexu-ala, sexual. It is frequently equivalent to the genitive: aquo di rivero = river-ala aquo; fluo di maro = mar-ala fluo. As a practical rule, «an adjective in -ala is appropriate wherever it can be replaced by the genitive of the substantive it is formed from». Note (1): -al- should not be appended to proper names to form adjectives; dramati da Shakespeare, Shakespearean dramas, not Shakespeare’ala dramati as the use of -ala would signify dramas relating to or analogous to those of Shakespeare. Note (2) Difference of meaning and use between -a and -ala: -a is the primary grammatical final of that great class of words which fundamentally expresses quality: blu-a, simpl-a, facil-a. It carries the signification and answers the question «what is»; consequently, blu-a, (what, which is) blue; simpl-a, (what is) simple; facil-a ago, an act which is easy. Added to nominal roots denoting a substance it has the same meaning: marmor-a statuo, a statue made of or that is of marble; or-a vazo, a (made of) gold vase; hom-a ento, an entity which is human; aqu-a voyo, a water-way (a way composed of water). The suffix -ala is the ordinary adjectival termination (except where the adjective is used to denote a substance out of which a thing is made, composed of, as in marmor-a, or-a, aqu-a) for that large class of roots which is nouns in its fundamental significance. It expresses the idea: pertaining to, relative to, as we find it used in thousands of English words. We therefore say: puer-ala ago, a childish act (an act appropriate or suitable to a child), not a puer-a ago which could only logically signify ‘an act which was a child’ (!); aqu-ala ludi, water sports, does not refer to, pertain to sports ‘made of’ water (aqu-a ludi), but sports relating to, pertaining to water; nacion-ala legi, national laws, does not mean ‘laws which are a nation’; on the other hand, an aqu-a voyo, a water-way (as a canal), widely differs from an aqu-oza voyo, a way (road) full of water (puddles). It is to be noted that where there is a composed word, such as: internacion-a, ca-di-a, the adjective form is always in -a, not -ala: the idea being that the first part of the composed word (inter-, ca-) sufficiently indicates the relationship. Also after roots compounded with sen the -a is always used, not -ala, -oza, etc.: sen-esper-a, not sen-esper-oza; sen-viva korpo, a lifeless body.
• alabastr-o alabaster. — DEFIRS
• alakt-ar (tr.) to suckle, give suck to; -(ad)o: lactation, nursing; -ato: nursing; cf. ablaktar; -o-fratulo: (fig.) foster-brother; -o-fialo:, -vazo: nursing bottle; -ata porkyuno: sucking pig. — EFIS
• alambik-o still (for distilling); (chem.) alembic. — DEFIRS
• alantoid-o allantois; -ala: allantoidal. — DEF
• alarm-ar (tr.) to alarm: sound the alarm, give signal of danger; -o: cry or signal of danger; (fig.) sense of danger, fright (cf. pavoro); -ema, -emo, -isto: alarmist; -o-klamo: shout of alarm; mis-alarmo: false a.; sonigar l’alarmo: to sound the a. — DEFIS
• Alask-a Alaska. — DEFIRS
• alaud-o (orni.) lark. — FISL
• alb-o alb. Def.: Longa, blanka robo portata da la sacerdoto dum la meso. — DEFIS
• Albani-a Albania; -ano: Albanian.
• albatros-o (orni.) albatross. — DEFIRS
• alberg-o inn; -estro: inn-keeper. — DFIS
• albin-a, -o albino. — DEFIRS
• album-o album: book for photographs, autographs, cards, etc. — DEFIRS
• albumen-o albumen: white of egg; -izar: (cook.) to glair. — DEFIRS
• albumin-o (chem.) albumin; -oza: albuminous. — DEFIRS
• albuminoid-a, -o albuminoid. — DEFRIS
• albuminos-o (med.) albuminosis.
• albuminuri-o (med.) albuminuria; -ika: suffering from a. — DEFIRS
• alburno-o (bot.) sap-wood, alburnum. — EFISL
• alced-o (orni., genus.) Alcidae (genus Alcedo). — L
• alcion-o (myth.) halcyon; -ala dii, h. days. — DEFIS
• aldehid-o (chem.) aldehyde. — DEF
• ale-o lane, walk, path (in a garden, park, wood, etc., generally between rows of trees); (cf. strad-eto). — DEFR
• aleg-ar (tr.) to allege, adduce, advance (arguments, facts, etc. in order to prove or justify something); -o: allegation (act); -ajo: allegation: what is alleged. V. exp. vid. citar. — DEFIS
• alegori-o allegory; -ala: allegorical. — DEFIRS
• alej-ar (tr., phys. sense) to lighten, relieve (of a load); (fig.) to alleviate, ease, relieve (the mind, etc.). Ex.: Alejar mulo di qua la portajo esas pezoza. Alejar navo. Alejar dento-doloro. Alejar la mento. (vid. lejer-igar. — EFIS
• alen-o awl (shoemaker’s, sailmaker’s, etc.; cf. punc-ilo). — F
• alergen-o allergen. — DEFIRS
• alergi-o allergy. Def.: Reakto ne-normala di la korpo a substanci normale ne-nociva. — DEFIS
• aleron-o aileron. — EFIRS
• alert-a alert: wide-awake, smart, brisk, sprightly; (cf. ajila, ag-ema, aktiva). — EF
• aleuron-o (bot. & chem.) aleurone. — DEF
• Aleuti (insuli) Aleutian Islands.
• alexandrin-a, -o alexandrine (verse). — DEFIRS
• alexin-o alexin. — DEFIRS
• alez-ar (tr.) to ream, bevel out, bore smooth (inside of a cannon, steam cylinders, etc.); (cf. borar) -ilo: reamer; -ala diametro: diameter of bore. Def.: Glatigar l’internajo di tubo, truo. — FIS
• alfabet-o alphabet; -ala: alphabetical; -libro: primer; alphabet book. — DEFIRS
• alfenid-o alfenid: silver-nickle alloy. — DEFIRS
• alg-o alga(e): sea-weed, kelp, dulse, sea-lettuce, etc.; (cf. fuko). — DEFIRS
• Algarvo Algarve.
• algebr-o algebra; -ala: algebraic. — DEFIRS
• alginat-o alginate. — DEFIRS
• algoritm-o (math.) algorism, algorithm. — DEFIRS
• ali-o garlic; -o-pano: bread rubbed with g.; -sauco: g. sauce. — FISL
• alianc-ar (tr.) to unite, ally (families by marriage); -o: family alliance (by marriage); -ito: relation by marriage; (cf. mis-aliancar). V. exp.: Ta verbo ne esas sinonimo di mari-ajar, qua relatas nur la gespozi; aliancar relatas lia familii. — DEFIS
• alias alias. Def.: Altre nomizita. — L
• alibi-o (jur.) alibi; pledar -o to plead an a. — DEFRS
• alidad-o (tech.) alidade. — DEFRS
• alien-ar (tr.) to alienate: to sell, dispose of (estates, property, rights); ne -ebleso: (jur.) mortmain. (cf.enemik-igar, igar des-favor-oza). Ex.: Alienar sua havaji. — DEFI
• alienac-ar (intr.) to be in a state of alienation (mental derangement); -ika, -iko: deranged, insane (person). — EFIS
• aligator-o alligator. — DEFIRSL
• aliment-ar (tr.) to supply with what is necessary (as water, fuel to a machine, provisions to a town, food to a family or person); (cf. nutrar); -o: alimentation: supply, maintenance, feeding; -ala, -anta; alimental: sustaining. — DEFIS
• aline-o (print.) a line of which the first word is indented; a new paragraph. — DFI
• alini-ar to align, to set in line. Def.: Ordinar segun rekta lineo: on alinias planti, soldati, edifici e.c. — EFIS
• aliterac-ar (tr., intr.) to alliterate. Def: Komencar (finar) per la sama sono o soni. — DEFIS
• alizarin-o (chem.) alizarine. — DEFIRS
• alize-o trade-wind. Def.: Vento qua suflas konstante dum la tota yaro inter la tropiki. — FIS
• Aljer Algiers (town); -ano: inhabitant of A.; -ia: Algeria; -iano: Algerian.
• alk-o (zool.) elk, (Cervus alces). — DEISL
• alkald-o (Spanish magistrate) alcade, alcalde. Def.: Komonestro e pacojudiciisto en Hispania. — DEFIS
• alkali-o (gen. sense) alkali; -oza, -atra: alkaline; -ema: alkalescent; -igar: to alkalize (turn into a.); -izar; to add a. to; -oz-eso: alkalinity. — DEFIRS
• alkaloid-a,-o (chem.) alkaloid. — DEFIRS
• alkemi-o alchemy; -isto: alchemist. — DEFIRS
• alkohol-o alcohol; -oza, -ema, -atra: alcoholic, spiritous; -igo, -izo: alcoholization; -ismo: alcoholism; -ajo: spirits; -oz-eso: alcoholicity; -ika, -iko: (med.) alcoholic (person); -macerajo: a. extract. — DEFIRS
• alkoholometr-o alcoholometer. — DEFIRS
• alkov-o alcove: recess. — DEFIRS
• almanak-o almanac: yearly calendar with variety of information; (fig.) year-book; adres- -o: directory. — DEFIRS
• alme-o alme(h): Egyptian musical entertainer. — DEFIS
• almon-ar (intr.) to give alms (ad ulu); -o: alms, alms-giving; -ema, -oza; charitable (in giving); -ero, -isto; -ulo, -ino: almoner; charitable person; -kesto: poor-box. — DEF
• aln-o (bot.) alder(-tree) (Ainus); -bosko: a. grove. — FIL
• alo-o aloe (plant); -ligno: a. wood: agalochum; -suko: juice of a. Def.: Genero dil liliacei, kun dika folii, di qui on extraktas rezino bitra, purgiva. — DEFIRSL
• alodi-o allodium, freehold estate, fee-simple estate; (opp. to feudo); -ala; allodial. — DEFIRS
• along-e along, at the side of; -irar: (tr.) to go along, skirt, coast. Ex.; Ni iris alonge (od, alongiris) la bordo dil lago. — EFI
• alonj-o lengthening piece; leaf (of telescope, table), (jur.) allonge (of bills of exchange); Def.: Tubo quan on adjuntas ad altra por longigar ol o por igar ol komunikar kun altra tubo o vazo, anke uzata por (la prolonguro di) la tabli e trati. — DEF
• alopati-o allopathy. — DEFIRS
• alopeci-o (med.) alopecia: loss of hair, baldness; (cf. kalva, sen-hara, senpila). — DEFIS
• alos-o (ich.) alose: shad (genus: Alosa). DeFSL — DEFSL
• alotrop-a (chem.) allotropic; -eso: allotropy. — DEFIRS
• aloy-ar (tr.) to alloy; combine metals by fusion; -o, -uro: alloy (of metals); (fig.) any impure mixture; quality (of things in general); bon- -a: good quality, blue-blooded (of per-sons), high standard of quality (of things). Ex.: Bronzo esas aloyuro. (fig.) Esas poka vertui sen kelka aloyeso. — EF
• alp-o alpine pasture; -ala, -atra: alpine; -acens-isto; a. climber. — DEFIRS
• alpak-o alpaca. Def.: Ruminero dil genero lamao: l'alpaki vivas en Sud-amerika. Lano de alpakopili. — DEFIS
• «alpari» (fin.) at par; (cf. para).
• Alpi the Alps.
• alt-o alto-viola, -violin; -o-voco: a. voice, counter-tenor; o-ple-isto: a. player; saxhorn-alto: alto-horn. — DEFIRS
• alt-a high, tall, lofty (also used with pressure, sound); -ajo: a high object, a height; -ulo: a tall man; -eso: highness; -igar: to make higher, raise; -eskar: to rise, get higher; -a-reliefo: (art.) high relief; alta grad-a, -o: of high degree, high grade; minim-alteso (di aquo): low-water mark; ica chambro esas alta de dek e kin pedi: this room is 15ft. high. V. exp.: alta, basa; suba, supera; infra, supra; sura; inferiora, superiora: Alta e basa expresas dimensiono. Ex.: La supra etajo esas basa e la infra etajo esas alta (E. the uppermost story is low and the lowermost story is high). Anke en la tekniko, on parolas pri vaporo ye alta (basa) preso, od en la muziko, pri alta o basa noto, sono. Suba e supera havas senco relativa ed indikas nur situeso o direciono relate determinita punto, t.e. nivelo plu a min alta. Exemple, konsiderante domo kun sis etaji, e parolante de la vidpunto di ta, qua lojas sur la triesma, la supera etaji esas la 4ª, 5ª, 6ª; la suba etaji esas la 2ª, la 1ª e la ter-etajo. Supra ed infra havas senco absoluta, ed indikas loki o parti en determinita objekto. Segun la supera exemplo, la supra etajo esas la 6ª, la infra esas la ter-etajo. Sura relatas ulo supera e kontakte kun ulo, do la sura etajo esas nur la 4ª. On uzas prefere la supr-ajo, la infr-ajo por indikar la materiala parto di l’objekto, e la supro e la infro por indikar la geometrial extremajo o surfaco. Ex.: la supro di la komodo esas horizontal; la suprajo de la komodo esas marmora (od: ek marmoro). En citado, on dicas: Videz supere (E. look (anywhere) above) o videz supre (E. look at the top); videz sube (E. see below) o videz infre (E. see at the bottom). On uzas superiora, inferiora en la sociologiala e ekonomikala senco por indikar ta qua esas rispektive super o sub ulu per la povo ed autoritato. Ant.: basa. — EFIS
• altar-o (rel.) altar. — DEIRS
• alte-o (bot.) althaea: marsh-mallow (Althaea officinalis). — DEFIRSL
• alter-ar (tr.) to alter; modify the nature or quality of anything (generally for the worse); -o, -eso: alteration; adulteration, deterioration; -ebl-eso: alterability. Kelka veneni alteras la kompozeso di la sango: some poisons alter (change) the composition of the blood. Alterar la beleso: to spoil beauty. Alterar moneti: to debase coins; alterar linguo: to corrupt a language. Def.: Chanjar la naturo o qualeso di kozo (generale a min bona). — DEFIS
• altern-ar (intr.) to alternate, take turns; -igar: to cause to a.; -(ad)o: alternation, succession; -anta: alternating (movement, crop, etc.) -igar la kultivo: to vary, rotate the crops. Ex.: La sezoni alternas. — DEFIS
• alternativ-o alternative, choice, option. Def.: Posibleso di selekto inter plura kozi, hipotezi. — DEFIS
• alternator-o alternator. Def.: Generatoro por produktar alternanta korento. — DEFIS
• altist-o alto-player, violist. Def.: Ta qua pleas alto. — DEF
• altitud-o altitude; ye- -o de: at an a. of. Def.: Alteso di loko relate la mar-nivelo. — EFIS
• altr-a (indefinite adjective-pronoun) other, another; -o, -ajo: another thing, something else; -u: another person; -i: others; -e: otherwise; -e, -a-nome: (leg.) alias; -igar: to alter; (cf. alterar); -a-loke: elsewhere; -a-tempe: at another time; -a-maniere: in another manner or way; -ube: elsewhere, somewhere else; -a-vorte: in other words or terms; l’una, l’altra: one another, each other. — DEFIRS
• altru-ismo altruism; -isto: altruist. Ant.: egoismo. — DEFIS
• alud-ar (tr.) to allude to, have reference to, refer to; -o: allusion; -anta, -iva: allusive, suggestive. — EFIS
• alumet-o match (lucifer); -uyo: m. holder; -if-isto: m.-maker. — F
• alumin-o (chem.) alumina; -oza, atra: aluminous. — EFIRS
• alumini-o (metal) aluminium. — DEFIRS
• alun-o alum. — DEFIS
• alur-o gait, pace. Def.: Maniero marchar. — DFR
• aluvion-o alluvium; -ala: alluvial. — DEFIRS
• alveol-o honey-comb cell; alveolus: tooth-socket; -ala, -atra: alveolar; -oza: alveolated. — DEFIS
• Alzaci-a Alsace; -ano: Alsatian.
• am-ar (tr.) to love: to like (very much), care for, have affection for, cherish; (cf. amorar, prizar, afecionar); -o: love; -ado: loving; -anto: lover; -ata, ato: beloved; -eg-ata: darling; -anta, -oza, -ema: loving; -inda: worthy of l., loveable; kind; -ind-eso: lovableness; kindness; pro amo a Deo: for the love of God, for God’s sake. — EFIS
• amalgam-o (metal and fig.) amalgam; -igar: to amalgamate; -igo: amalgamation. — DEFIRS
• amans-ar (tr.) to tame, make docile (animals), to make tractable, sociable (persons); -esar: to be t.; -(ad)o:, -eso: taming (act); docility (state); -ebla: tamable. Def.: Igar la animalo min sovaja; (fig.) igar persono plu sociema. Ex.: Amansar leono, urso. Il esas homulo di humoro sovaja; on ne povas amansar il. V. exp. vid. domtar. — IS
• amar-o mooring-cable, hawser; lashing (as for a gun, etc.); -agar: (tr.) to moor (by cable), to belay, make fast; -ago: mooring (act). — FIS
• amaranto-o (bot.) amaranth; -ea: a. colored. — DEFIRS
• amarilis-o amaryllis. Def.: Bulbo planto kun granda, bela flori ye dolcega odoro; l'amariliso kultivesas en la gardeni. — DEFIS
• amas-o mass, heap, pile; -igar: to heap up, hoard up, amass; -eskar: to get together, crowd; -igo: piling up or together; -ig-anto: stacker. — DEFIR
• amator-o amateur; kolomb- -o: pigeon fancier; sport- -o: sportsman; -o-teatro: theater run by a.s. — DEFIRS
• amauros-o (med.) amaurosis. — DEFIS
• amazon-o amazon; (fig.) mannish woman; -robo: riding habit — DEFIRS
• amb-a both. Def.: La du kune. — IS
• ambaj-o, -i ambage(s): circumlocution, beaing around the bush. — EFIS
• ambasad-o (function) embassy; -erio: (administrative unit) embassy; -eyo: (residence) embassy; -isto: ambassador. — DEFIS
• ambici-ar (tr.) to be ambitious of, to aspire to; -o: ambition; -oza, -ozo: ambitious (person); -ar la mastreso: to aspire to (aim at) the mastery. — DEFIRS
• ambidextr-a ambidextrous. — DEFIS
• ambigu-o ambiguous, equivocal (cf. du-senca, plur-senca); -eso: ambiguousness; -ajo: an ambiguity. Ant.: unasenca, klara. — DEFIS
• ambl-ar (intr., of horses, etc.) to amble. — EFIS
• ambliop-a (med.) amblyopic; -eso: amblyopia. — EFIRS
• ambon-o (rel. arch.) ambo. — DEFIRS
• ambos-o anvil. — D
• ambr-o ambergris. — DEFIRS
• ambrozi-o (pr. and fig.) ambrosia. — DEFIRS
• ambulanc-o ambulance: field hospital following an army; -isto: a. attendant; furgon- -o: ambulance (vehicle). — DEFIRS
• ameb-o (biol.) amoeba. — DEFIRS
• amelior-ar to ameliorate, improve. Def.: Igar plu bona, bonigar. — EFIS
• «amen» amen. — DEFIRSL
• amend-o (pecuniary) fine, penalty. — EFIS
• ament-o (bot.) catkin, ament. — EFIS
• Amerik-a America; -ano: (an) American.
• ametist-o (min.) amethyst; -ea: a. colored. — DEFIRS
• amfetamin-o amphetamine. — DEFIRS
• amfibi-a amphibious; -o: amphibian. — DEFIRS
• amfiox-o amphioxus, lancelet (Amphioxus lanceolatus). — EFL
• amfiteatr-o (all senses) amphitheater. — DEFIRS
• amfor-o (antiq.) amphora. — DEFIRS
• Amhara (lando) Amhara (Abyssinia); -ano: inhabitant of A.
• amiant-o (min.) amianthus. — DEFIRS
• amid-o (chem.) amide. — DEF
• amidol-o (photog.) amidol. — DE
• amik-o friend; -a, -ala: friendly, amicable; -eso: friendship, friendliness, amity; -al-ajo: friendly act; -eskar kun ulu: to become friendly with some one; Franc-amanto, -amiko: Francophile. Ant.: enemiko. — EFIS
• amil-o starch: (chem.) amylaceous substance in plants; (gen.) fecula used to stiffen linen; (cf. starch-ivo); -izar: to starch: put starch on (cf. starchar); -iferio: s. works; -atra: amylaceous, starchlike. — DEFIS
• amnesti-ar (tr.) to grant a general pardon; -o: amnesty. — DEFIRS
• amnezi-ar (intr.) to have amnesia; -o: amnesia: loss of memory; -if-anta: amnestic. — DEFIS
• amnion-o (anat.) amnion. — DEF
• amoni-o (chem. radical NH₄) ammonium. — DEFIRS
• amoniak-o (chem.) ammonia; -o-sala: sal-ammoniac; -ala, -oza, -atra: ammoniacal; -o-gumo: gum-ammoniac. — DEFIRS
• amonit-o ammonite: a fossil shell. — DEFIRS
• amon-o, -o-gaso ammoniacal gas. — DEFIRS
• amont-ar to amount to. Def.: Atingar la sumo di. — EFI
• amor-ar (tr.) to love (as man or woman); -o: love: expresses not merely the sexual relation but also the sentiment between sexes; -egar: to adore; igar -ar: to make fall in love, cause to love; -eskar: to become enamored, smitten; -anta, -oza, -ema: loving amorous, enamoured; -anto, -oz(ul)o: lover, wooer, sweetheart; -eto: petty love affair, intrigue, amour; -eg-ata, -ato: well-beloved, darling; -ist-ulo: ladies’ man, gallant; -em-ino: flirt; -em-ulo: woman chaser; -ist-ino, -vend-ist-ino: courtesan; -deklaro: declaration of love; -letro: love letter; -kurtezado: courtship; -deo: (myth.) god of love, Cupid. Def.: Expresas specale l’amo di la sexui, ne kom relato sexuala e pure korpala, ma kom specala sentimento. — DEFIRS
• amorc-ar (tr.) to start a thing off, set going (an instrument or a force); to prime (a gun); to fetch (a pump); -ilo: (of firearms) primer. — F
• amorf-a (biol.) amorphous. — DEFIRS
• amortis-ar (tr.) to weaken, deaden, break, (the force of a stream, a blow, a fall or shock); to calm (passions); to abate (inflammation); to blunt the feelings; to tone down, soften (colors); (fin.) to pay, liquidate (a debt), to redeem (an annunity); (jur.) to amortize: to sell in mortmain; (cook.) to make (meat) tender by long-keeping; -(ad)o: deadening; liquidation, amortization; -uro, -ajo, -pekunio: (fin.) sinking-fund; -ebla: redeemable; -ita kuglo: spent bullet; -ilo extinguisher (for charcoal, etc.). Def.: Igar ulo min violent-oza; febl-igar; extingar debajo per pagar la kapitalo; igar plu mola. — DEFIRS
• ampelops-o (bot.) Virginia creeper. — FSL
• ampl-a ample: (of space) spacious; (of garments) full, easy; (of supplies) abundant; (of reward) liberal, etc.; -eso: amplitude; -igar: to amplify; -igo: amplification. V. exp.: Expresas relato inter du kozi de diversa speci, maxim ofte la relato di kontenanto e kontenajo. «Ampla» nomizesas mantelo, qua fitas tre laxe la portanto, chambro od agro ube granda kunveno devas eventar; provizuro qua satisfacas la demandi esas «ampla», stato qua havas granda mar-komerco mustas havar «ampla» floto. Ant.: streta. — EFIS
• amplitud-o (astron., physics) amplitude. — DEFIRS
• ampul-o ampulla: a bellied phial, glass bulb; (med.) a blister (on feet as from walking, or on hands from rowing). — EFIS
• amput-ar (tr., surg. and fig.) to amputate, cut off. — DEFIRS
• amulet-o amulet. — DEFIRS
• amuz-ar (tr.) to amuse, entertain; (fig.) to distract, divert (cf. distraktar); -ar su; -esar: to a. oneself (per, pri), to be amused (da); -(ad)o: amusement (act): -ivo:, ilo: that which amuses: plaything, toy; -anta, -iva: amusing; -anto, -ero, emo: entertainer; -achar su: to trifle away one’s time. — DEF
• -an- denotes: a member, inhabitant, partisan, adherent, as senat-ano, senator; vilaj-ano, villager; eklezi-ano, a church member.
• an (prep.) at, on (indicates contiguity, juxtaposition); dorso an dorso: back to back. Def.: Expresas relato di kontigueso, di apud-pozeso. Ex.: Apogar skalo an muro. Pendar pikturi an la parieto. Glutinar afisho an muro. Pendar chapelo an hoko. Sidar, sideskar an tablo. An la bordo (rivo) di la fluvio. Ula urbo jacas an rivero, an maro, an monto. Ta domo esas situita an la strado X . ... La fenestri an la strado esas granda; ma la fenestri an la korto esas mikra. — DE
• anabaptism-o (rel.) anabaptism. — DEFIRS
• anabaptist-o (rel.) anabaptist.
• anad-o (orni.) duck (family: Anatidae); -ulo: drake; -ino: female d.; -yuno: duckling; -o nigra: black d. (Anas nigra); -lag-eto: d. pond.; -em-busk-eyo: d. ambuscade; -fus-ilo: d. gun. — FISL
• anaerobi-a (biol.) anaerobic. — DE
• anagal-o anagallis: pimpernel. — DEFIS
• anagram-o anagram. — DEFIRS
• anakond-o anaconda. — DEFIRS
• anakoret-o (rel.) anchoret, anchorite. — DEFIRS
• anakoulut-o (gram.) anacoluthon. — DEFIRS
• anakronism-o anachronism: error in chronology; something incongruous in time. — DEFIRS
• analgezi-ar (tr.) to lull the sensibilities, produce insensibility to pain; -o: analgesia. — EFIS
• analitik-o (math.) analytics; -ala: analytic(al). Ex.: Lingui, geometrio analitikala. — DEFIRS
• analiz-ar (tr., log., chem.) to analize; -o: analysis; -ala: analytical. Ant.: sintezo. — DEFIRS
• anal-o, -i annal(s). — DEFIS
• analog-a analogous, similar; -eso: (relation, quality) analogy; -ajo: something analogous. Es.: Rezonado analoga. La linguo Italiana havas multa analogeso a la linguo Latina. An.: ne-simila. — DEFIRS
• Anam Annam; -ano: Annamese.
• anamnez-ar to maake an anamnesis. Def.: Explorar la pasinta korpostando sanesala di persono kuracenda: anamnezar malada persono es grava medicinala funciono. — DEFS
• anamorfos-o (opt.) anamorphosis. — DEFIRS
• ananas-o (fruit) pineapple; -iero: p. plant. — DFIRS
• anapest-o (pros.) anapest. — DEFIRS
• anarki-o anarchy; -ismo: anarchism; -ista, isto: anarchist. — DEFIRS
• anastigmat-a (opt.) anastigmatic. — DEF
• anastomos-o (bio., anat.) anastomosis. — DEFIRS
• anatem-ar (tr.) to anathematize; -o: anathema; -ita, ito: anathematized (person). — DEFIRS
• Anatoli-a Anatolia.
• anatomi-o (science) anatomy. — DEFIRS
• ancestro-o ancestor; -ala: ancestral; -i, -aro: ancestors; -ino: ancestress. — EF
• anchov-o (ich.) anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus). — DEFIRS
• ancien-a ancient, old; -eso: oldness, ancientness; -ajo: something old. V. exp.: anciena, nova; yuna, olda; antiqua: anciena, nova relatas prefere la kozi; yuna, olda relatas precipue l’evo, ma on darfas parolar pri homo anciena o nova en lua profesiono, en ofico o funciono. Ex.: Persono qua esas yuna (per evo) ma anciena en ofico (t.e. homo qua havas «ancieneso» en ula ofico, kontraste ad oficisto qua ne tam longe okupas sua ofico quale l’altru. Antiqua koncernas exkluzive l’epoko, t.e. la antea yarcenti, e plu precize la tempi di la Greki e Romani. Domo, moblo, vesto povas esar anciena, e tote ne esar antiqua. O se on qualifikas oli «antiqua,» to esas nur per jokoza or ironioza hiperbolo. Ant.: nova. — DEFIS
• And-i (the) Andes.
• Andaluzi-a Andalusia; -ano: Andalusian.
• Andora Andorra.
• andrinopl-o «andrinople» a cotton fabric. — FIS
• androce-o (bot.) androecium. — DEF
• androgin-a, -o (biol.) androgynous, androngyny. — DEFIRS
• android-o android. — DEFIRS
• anekdot-o anecdote. — DEFIRS
• anemi-o (med.) anemia, anaemia; -ala: (relating to disease) anemic; -ika, iko: anemic (person); -igar: to render anemic. — DEFIRS
• anemofil-a (bot.) anemophilous. — DEFIS
• anemometr-o anemometer: wind-guage. — DEFIRS
• anemon-o (bot.) anemone (genus: Anemone). — DEFIRS
• aneroid-a aneroid: -a barometro: a. barometer. — DEFIRS
• anestezi-ar (tr.) to anesthetize (as by ether or chloroform); -o: anesthetizing (act); -eso: anesthesia (state); -iva, ivo: anesthetic. — DEFIRS
• anet-o (bot.) anet: dil (Anethum graveolens). — EFIRS
• anevrism-o (med.) aneurism. — DEFIRS
• anex-ar (tr.) to annex; -o, -eso: annexation; -ajo: an annex: -ita: annexed. — DEFIRS
• angel-o fish-hook; -agar, -kaptar: (tr.) to hook; -izar: to put a hook on. (cf. peskar). — DS
• angelik-o (bot.) angelica (Angelica archangelica). — DEFIRS
• «angelus» (rel.) angelus. — DEFIRS
• angin-o (med.) angina, quinsy. — DEFIRS
• angiom-o angioma. — DEFIRS
• angiopati-o angiopathy. — DEFIRS
• angioplasti-o angioplasty. — DEFIRS
• angiosperm-o, -a (bot.) angiosperm(ous). — DEFIS
• Angl-a English; -(ul)o, -iano: English person; -a-parol-anto: one who speaks English; -ia: England; -atra, -a-mode: in the English fashion: -o-mani-ika, iko: anglomaniac, -ago: E. idiotism, anglicism; -o-odio: anglophobia; -o-odianta, -anto: anglophobe (person); la Angla: the English language.
• anglikan-a, -o Anglican; -ismo: Anglicanism. — DEFIRS
• Angol-a Angola.
• angor-ar (intr.) to be in anguish; -igar: to cause a. to, to agonize; -o: anguish: pang, agony, violent pain (of body or mind); -ig-anta: agonizing; -oza: full of a. V. exp.: vid. pavorar. — EFIS
• angora-kapro Angora-goat, -kato: A.-cat. — DEFIRS
• angostur-o angostura. — DEFIRS
• anguil-o (ich.) eel (order: Apodes); -o-pesko: eel-fishing. — FIS
• angul-o angle, corner; -eto: small angle, nook; -ala: angular, corner; -oza: many cornered, angulated; -o akuta: acute angled; -o faciala: (anat.) facial a.; ort- -a: right-angled; -o obtuza: obtuse a.; -o-petro: corner-stone; -o-peco: corner-piece; -faldar: (tr.) to fold the corners of (ulo); -moblo: corner-piece (furniture); -ruptar: to break the corners off (ulo). — EFIS
• Anhalt Anhalt (German duchy).
• anhel-ar (intr.) to pant, gasp for breath; -igar: to put out of breath, to wind; -(ad)o: panting; (med.) anhelation. Ex.: Ca hundo anhelas. Lu arivis anhelegante, tante rapide lu esis kurinta. Me anheligis me, acensante ta eskalero. — EFIS
• anhidr-a (chem.) anhydrous. — DEFIRS
• anilin-o (chem.) aniline. — DEFIRS
• anim-ar (tr.) to animate: endow with life; (fig.) to enliven, give animation to; -o, -eso: animation; -ata, -oza: animated. Ex.: La anmo animas la korpo. La konversado esis animoza. — DEFIRS
• animal-o animal; -ala: animal; -eto (mikroskopala): animalcule; -eso: animality; -aro: group of a.s; kingdom, fauna. — DEFIRS
• animism-o (philos., physiol.) animism. — DEF
• anion-o anion. — DEFIRS
• aniversari-o anniversary; -o mortala: commemoration. — DEFIS
• aniz-o (bot.) anise (Pimpinella Anisum); -o-semini: aniseed; -liquoro: anisette. — DEFIRS
• anjel-o angel; -ala, -atra: angelic; gard-anjelo: guardian a. — DEFIRS
• ank(e) (adv., conj.) also; me anke ne (od, anke me ne) I neither; ma anke: but also, but yet. Ex.: La lakto esas plu salubra kam la biro ol esas anke plu nutriva. Def.: Egale, simile, ultree. — I
• ankilos-ar (tr., surg.) to anchylose: make stiff; -esar: to be to become anchylosed; -o, -eso: ankylosis, anchylosis. — DEFIRS
• ankor(e) (adv., conj.) yet, still, until now, until then (refers to a fact or act already existing); lu ankore ne arivas: he has not yet arrived; kad vu ankore hungras? are you still hungry. V.exp.: Ankore, ja: Ankore signifikas duro di ago o stando plu longa, e ja komenco di fakto od ago plu frua kam on opinionis; til nun, altrafoye, pluse, senchanje, durante. — FI
• ankr-o anchor; -o-jetar, -agar: (tr.) to anchor; -ago: anchoring; -esar-agita: to be at anchor; -ag-eyo: anchorage; -o-trabo: (nav.) cat-head; -o-boyo: a.-bouy; driftar sur sua ankri: to drag one’s anchors. — DEFIRS
• anm-o soul (cf. psiko); -izar: to put soul into, to hearten; -oza: soulful, with spirit; sen- -a: without soul, inanimate; kantar kun -o: to sing with spirit. Def.: L’ento metafizikala, la principo di vivo e di penso. — DEFIS
• anobi-o (ent.) death-tick, -watch (Anobium); ligno- -o: wood-fretter. — FL
• anod-o (elec.) anode: positive terminal. — DEFIRS
• anomal-a abnormal, anomalous: irregular; -eso, -ajo: anomaly, abnormality. — DEFIRS
• anonim-a anonymous; -eso: anonymity; -(ul)o: a. person. — DEFIRS
• anorak-o anorak. Def.: Vesto kurta kun kapuco portata en diversa landi, ed inter altri da skieri. — DEFS
• ans-o handle: the arc shaped handle of a cup, bucket, etc. — L
• antagonism-o antagonism. — DEFIRS
• antagonist-o antagonist; (cf. adverso). — DEFIRS
• antarktik-a antarctic. — DEFIRS
• ante (prep.) before (of time); -a: preceding, former, previous, last, prior; -e: previously, before, heretofore; -eso: anteriority, priority; -ke: before (that); lu arivis ante me: he arrived before me; ante du kloki: before two o’clock; ante ne-longe: not long ago; ante nun: before now; -diluvia: antediluvian; -hiere: the day before yesterday; -lasta: (the one) before last; -mariaja: antenuptial; -mortar: to predecease: die first; -pre-lasta: antepenultimate. Ant.: pos. — DEFIRS
• antecedent-o (gram., log., math.) antecedent. Ex.: La antecedenti di individuo, t.e. lua antea historio e konduto. — DEFIS
• anten-o (zool., elec.) antenna, feeler. — DEFIS
• anter-o (bot.) anther. — DEFIS
• anterior-a anterior. Def.: Antea, avana, do pri tempo e spaco. — EFIS
• anti- contra-, against, counter, opposing. Used only in a few scientific terms: anti-bakterio, bactericide; anti-vermo, vermifuge. Ordinarily the preposition kontre is used instead of an in the same sense as anti-: kontre-juda, anti-Semitic; kontre-skorbuta, anti-scorbutic. The use of anti- therefore should be confined strictly to cases where the prefix has been definitely approved by the scientific and technical committees. — DEFIRS
• antibiotik-o antibiotic; -a antibiotic. Def.: Substanco medikala uzata por inhibar la kresko di, o destruktar, mikro-organismi qui esas la kauzo di morbi infektiva. — DEFS
• anticiklon-o anticyclone. — EFS
• anticip-ar (tr.) to anticipate; -o, -eso: anticipation; -e: in anticipation; -ala pago: advance payment. — DEFIS
• antidot-o (also fig.) antidote. Def.: Substanco qua neutrigas l’efekti di la veneni. — DEFIRS
• antifon-o antiphon: anthem; -aro: antiphonary. — DEFIRS
• antifraz-o antiphrasis. Def.: Figuro di retoriko, qua konsistas en uzar ula vorto o frazo en senco kontrea a lua vera signifiko. — DEFIRS
• antigen-o antigen. — DEFIRS
• antikorp-o antibody.
• antikrist-o antichrist. — DEFIRS
• Antil-i the Antilles.
• antilogi-o (log.) antilogy; contradiction in ideas. — DEFIS
• antilop-o antelope. — DEFIRS
• antimateri-o antimatter. — DEFIRS
• antimilitar-ismo antimilitarism; -isto: antimilitarist. — DEFIS
• antimoni-o (min., chem.) antimony. — DEFIRS
• antinomi-o (jur., philos.) antinomy. — DEFIRS
• antipartikul-o antiparticle. — DEFIS
• antipati-ar (tr:) to have an antipathy, aversion to (or against); -o: antipathy; instinctive aversion, natural repugnance; -inda: (what is) antipathetical, repugnant; -oza: (who feels antipathetical, full of aversion. Ant: simpatiar. — DEFIRS
• anti-patriot-a antipatriotic. — EF
• antipirin-o (chem., med.) antipyrin. — DEFIRS
• antipod-o, -i antipode(s). — DEFIRS
• antiqu-a antique, ancient: of a former epoch; -ajo: an antique; -eso: antiquity; -aj-isto: antiquary. Ex.: Antiqua moblo, kustumo; muzeo di antiquaji. V. ex.: vid. anciena. Ant.: moderna, nun-tempa, prezenta, nuna — DEFIRS
• antiquar-a antiquarian. — DEFS
• anti-semid-a anti-Semitic; -(ul)o: anti-Semite; -ismo: anti-Semitism. — DEF
• antisepsi-ar (tr.) to antisepticize; -esar: to be antiseptic; -eso: antiseptic state; -iva, -ivo: antiseptic. Def.: Kombatar kontre la mikrobi per antisepsiivo. — DEFIRS
• antisept-a antisepctic. — EFS
• antitez-o (log., rhet.) antithesis; -a, -ala, -atra: antithetic(al). — DEFIRS
• antitoxin-o antitoxin. — DEF
• anti-verm-o vermifuge.
• antologi-o anthology. — DEFIRS
• antonim-o antonym; -eso: antonimity. Ant.: sinonimo. — DEFIRS
• antonomazi-o (rhet.) antonomasia. Def: Remplasigo di propra nomo per komuna nomo equivaianta, o reciproke. Ex.: L’anjelo di la skolo (vice Santa Thomas). — DEFIRS
• antracit-o anthracite, hard-coal. — DEFIRS
• antrax-o (med.) anthrax: carbuncle. — DEFIS
• antropoid-a, -o: anthropoid. — DEFIRS
• antropologi-o anthropology. — DEFIRS
• antropomorf-a anthropomorphic; -ismo: antropomorphism. — DEFIRS
• antropomori-o anthropometry. — DEFIRS
• anul-ar to annul. Def.: Deklarar kom nevalida. — DEFIS
• anunc-ar (tr.) to announce; -o, -ajo: (act; what is announced) announcement; -anto, -ilo: announcer; klame -ar vari; to cry wares (for sale); korne -ar: to wind the horn; -o-festo; (rel.) Annunciation (March 25th). — DEFIS
• anus-o (anat.) anus; -ala floso: anal fin. — DEFIS
• anxi-ar (intr.) to be anxious, -o: anxiety; -oza: anxious. — DEFIS
• aorist-o (gram.) aorist. — DEFIRS
• aort-o (anat.) aorta. — DEFIRS
• aortit-o (med) aortitis. — DEFIRS
• apanaj-o appanage: royal grant of domain or allowance; -izar: to endow with an a. — DEFIRS
• apar-ar (intr.) to appear (to or before: -o, -ajo: appearance (act); ad, avan ulu); to become visible, be in sight, come to light; -igar: to cause to a. to; apparition (thing visible); to put in an appearance, -anta: apparent, plain, obvious, ostensible, specious; -ar por la formo: show oneself; fantom- -o: apparition (ghost) Ant: Des-aparar. — DEFIS
• aparat-o (tech., surg.) apparatus; machine, instrument or appliance used to perform a certain operation. — DEFIRS
• apart-a apart: separately, aside, alone; -a paroli: words spoken aside. Def.: Signifikas quaze separita, izolita, sola. Ex.: Aparta parolo (en teatro od en vivo); aparta lernado (lernar aparte, t.e. sole e sen docanto); prenar ulu aparte (por parolar a lu specale, exter e for la ceteri). Lu dormas en aparta chambro (ne en la komuna dormeyo). Lu manjas an aparta tablo (ne an la komuna tablo). — DEFIS
• apartament-o apartments: suite of rooms; flat. — DEFIRS
• aparten-ar (intr.) to appertain, pertain; belong to by right, nature or custom; -ajo: appurtenance. Ex.: Algeria apartenas a Francia. Il apartenas a bona familio. Domo e lua apartenaji. — EFIS
• apati-o apathy: want of feeling, indifference: (cf. indiferent-eso); -oza: apathetic, impassive. Ant.: anim-oz-eso, viv-em-eso. — DEFIRS
• apel-ar (intr.) to appeal (in law); (fig.) to call for aid or sympathy (ad ulu, pri ulo); facar apelo: to lodge an a.; asignar -o: To give notice of a. (pri). Ex.: Me apelas a vu por regulo di ca questiono; apelar pri un judicio o tribunalo ad altra. — DEFIRS
• apen(e) (adv.) hardly, scarcely, barely. Ex.: Il apene arivis. Il apene eskapis la morto. Def.: Depos tre kurta tempo; preske ne. — FIS
• apendic-o (lit., anat., zool., bot.) appendix; -o verm-atra, -o-forma: vermiform a. Def.: Parto qua servas kom prolonguro di parto precipua. — DEFIS
• apendicit-o (med.) appendicitis. — DEFIS
• Apenin-i the Appenines.
• aperitiv-o aperitif. — DEFIRS
• apert-ar (tr.) to open, unclose (also fig. with heart, soul, etc.); -(ad)o: (act) opening; -uro: aperture, hole, gap; -e openly, plainly, frankly; (cf. kandida); -iva, -ivo: aperient, laxative; mi- -ar: to half open (a door, etc.). An.: klozar. — DEFIS
• apetit-ar (tr., pr. and fig.) to have an appetite for; crave or desire (instinctively); -o: appetite, longing; -ig-iva, -ivo: appetizing, appetizer; -igar: to give or cause an a. for; -ig-anta: appetizing, relishing. Ex.: La stomako apetitas la nutrivi. Apetito sensual, karnal, perversa. Il havas nesaturebla apetito por richaji. Ant.: saturar. — DEFIRS
• api-o (bot.) smallage, wild celery (Apium). — DEFIRS
• api-pomo «api»: a small red apple (Malum Appianum).
• aplanat-a (opt.) aplanatic. — DEF
• aplast-ar (tr.) to crush, squeeze, squash (soft objects); (fig.) to overwhelm, overburden, oppress; rul- -ilo: (a steam or other) roller (as on streets). Ex.: Aplastar insekto per la pedo, vit-beri per presilo. Aplastita per laborego. Aplastar adverso en diskuto. V. exp.: On povas presegar stala bulo sen aplastar ol, kontre ke on aplastas argilo sen presegar. — FIS
• aplaud-ar (tr.) to applaud, clap; (fig.) to express approbation, -(ad)o: applauding; -i: plaudits; -anto, -ero: applauder; -ist-aro: claque (paid clappers at theater). — DEFIRS
• aplik-ar (tr.) to apply, lay on, impose; -ar su: (fig.) to apply oneself (the mind, attention); -o: application: applying; -ajo: thing applied; -ebla: applicable, apposite, suitable. Def.: Pozar ulo sur ulo. — DEFIRS
• aplomb-o (fig.) assurance, self-confidence, self-possession (cf. audaco); (inst.) plummet, plumb-line; -a: upright, plumb, self-assured, confident; stacar aplombe: to stand upright, plumb. Def.: Signifikas propre: vertikala pozeso, vertikaleso, e nur metafore: fido en su ipsa, audaco (t.e. sentimento, ke on stacas vertikale, solide sur sua pedi). — DEFIRS
• apodiktik-a (log.) apodictical. — DEFIS
• apofiz-o (anat.) apophysis. — DEFIS
• apog-ar (tr.) to prop (up), stay, support; to lean, to rest; to base, found, ground (assertions, reasons, etc.) -o: propping, supporting: -ilo, -trabo: prop, stay, support, pillar, strut, stanchion, brace; -arko: (arch.) flying buttress; (fig.) mainstay; shultr- -ar: to press to the shoulder (firearms, etc.); -punto: point of support, fulcrum; dors- -ilo: a support for the back; kap- -ilo: head-support; apogar skalo an la muro: to prop (or set) a ladder against a wall; apogar edifico per apog-arki: to support a building by buttresses; me apogis me an la muro: I leaned against the wall: apogar sua manui sur tablo: to lean one’s hands on a table; sur quo vu apogas vua aserti: on what do you base your assertions? Def.: Suportar (o, igar suportar) per lateral od obliqua forco. Suportar, sustenar per la moyeno di apogilo. — FIS
• apoge-o (astr.) apogee. Ant.: perigeo. — DEFIRS
• apokalips-o apocalypse. — DEFIRS
• apokrif-a apocryphal. — DEFIRS
• «Apollon» (myth.) Apollo. — DEFIRS
• apolog-o apologue: moral fable. — DEFIRS
• apologi-ar (tr.) to vindicate (in writing or speech); -o: apology: written or spoken discourse to justify a person, a thing; -ala, -atra: apologetical, exculpatory; -arto: apologetics; -isto: apologist. Ant.: blamar, denigrar, difamar. Note: For the translation of apologize in the sense of ‘to beg pardon’ cf. exkuzar. — DEFIRS
• aponevros-o (anat.) aponeurosis. — DEF
• apoplexi-o (med.) apoplexy; -ala, -ema, -atra: apopleptic; aceso di -o: apopleptic attack; cerebrala -o: cerebral a. — DEFIRS
• apostat-a, -o apostate; -eso, -esko: apostacy; -eskar: to become an a., to apostatize. — DEFIRS
• aposteriori-e, -ala a posteriori.
• apostil-o apostil: marginal note, annotation; recommendatory note (to back a petition); -izar: to add an a.; (cf. pos-skrib-ajo). — EFIS
• apostol-o apostle; -ala: appostolic; -eso: apostleship. — DEFIR
• apostrof-o (gram.) apostrophe; -izar: to mark with an a. — DEFIRS
• apotek-o (Eng.) chemist’s shop; (U.S.) drug-store, pharmacy; -isto: chemist, apothecary, druggist. — DEFIRS
• apotem-o (geom.) apothegm. — DEFIRS
• apoteos-o apotheosis, deification. — DEFIRS
• apozicion-o (gram.) apposition; -ala: appositive (word). — DEFIRS
• apr-o wild-boar; -o-kush-eyo: lair of w. b. — DRL
• apreci-ar to appreciate. Def.: Vidar ed intelektar la valoro ed importo di ulo, judikar segun la merito. — EFIS
• aprentis-o apprentice (pri); -eso: apprenticeship; -esar: to be an a., obligar ulu kom -o: to bind as an a.; pikto- -o: painter’s pupil. — DEFIS
• apret-ar (tr., tech.) to dress: put a finish on calicoes, leather, etc. by applying a glaze dressing or varnish. — DFIR
• april-o April. — DEFIRS
• apriori-e, ala a priori, presumptive. — DEFIRS
• aprob-ar (tr.) to approve, give approbation to. Ant.: des-, ne-aprobar. — DEFIRS
• aproch-o, -i (milit., fortif.) approaches: the works, trenches, etc. made by besiegers. — DEFIRS
• aproxim-ar to approximate. Def.: Establisar, determinar, ne rigoroze ed exacte segun cienco, ma nur proxime, cirkume: kalkulo, valoro, formulo, solvo aproximesas. — EIS
• apsid-o (arch.) apse; (astron.) apsis; -ala: apsidal. — DEFIRS
• apt-a apt, fit, appropriate, good for, suitable (ad); -eso: aptitude, aptness, qualification; -igar: to make fit or suitable; -a a milito: fit for war (service); -a por nulo: fit for nothing. Ant.: Des-, ne-apta, -justa, -kapabla, -konven-anta. — EFIS
• apud (prep.) close by, next to, beside, -a: near, neighboring, adjacent; -esar: to be near or close; -aleo: side-lane; -pozar: (tr.) to juxtapose; apudaji ed abutaji: (fig.) the ins and outs (of an affair). Ex.: Apud la domo esas puteo. Apud la generalo stacis lua adjutanto. — IL
• Apuli-a Apulia.
• apunt-ar (tr.) to point (a fire-arm); take aim at; level at; -ilo: sight. — DEFIS
• apus-o swift (bird).
• aqu-o water, -ala: aquatic; -oza, atra: aqueous, watery; -oz-eso: aquosity; -izar: to water (streets, etc.); -es-pruva: w. proof; -o-fosato: w. trench, moat; -o-falo: w. fall; -o-kontilo: w. meter; -o-melono: w. melon; -o-pento: w. shed; -o-rezerv-uyo: reservoir; -o-turmo: w. tower; -o-vazo, -krucho: ewer; -o santa: holy-w.; reze di l’aquo: on a lavel with the w.; pluv- -o: rain w.; rejala -o: (chem.) aqua regia; sal-o: salt w., brine, pickle; sod- -o: soda-w; -o-boko: water nozzle, hydrant; -pikturo: washed drawing; -o-sprico: jet of w.; -o-spric-ilo: w. nozzle. -espruva mantelo: w. proof cloak, -espruv-eso: w. proofness. — DEFIRS
• aquafort-o (chem.) aqua fortis: nitric acid; -ajo: a.f. etching. — DEFIRS
• aquamarino-o (min.) aquamarine. Def.: Varietato de berilo. — DEFIRS
• aquarel-a, -o (painting) water-color; -piktar: to paint in w.c. — DEFIRS
• aquari-o aquarium. — DEFIRS
• aquatint-o (engraving) aquatint. — DEFIRS
• aquedukt-o aqueduct. — DEFIRS
• aquilegi-o (bot.) columbine (genus: Aquilegia). — L
• aquilon-o (poet., lit.) Aquilon: the north wind personified. — DEFIRS
• aquir-ar (tr.) to get (through one’s own exertions), to become the possessor of (by purchase, by labor, etc.), to acquire, win; to contract (a habit, a sickness); to gain (affection favor), to incur (dislike, hatred); -o: (act) acquisition, attainment; -ajo: what is acquired. — DEFIS
• Aquitan-a Aquitainian; -ia: Aquitaine
• Aquitan-o inhabitant of A.
• -ar- denotes: a collection, group, set (of objects or beings). It is to be generally understood as referring to «the most extensive collection»; hom-aro, means humanity, not a group of persons; However, this suffix is quite frequently found to be used vaguely for any group of persons or collection of objects.
• ar-o (metric sys.) area: 119.6 sq. yds. — DEFIRS
• Arab-a Arab-ic, -ian; -o: an Arab; -ia: Arabia; -a linguo: A. language.
• arabesk-o arabesque. — DEFIRS
• arach-ar (tr.) to pull or drag out (a nail, etc.); to tear out (the hair, the eyes); to grub up (roots); to tear away (a child from its mother); to snatch, wrest, extort, wring (ulo de ulu); Ex.: arachar afisho, konfeso, krii, lakrimi. Arachar ulu de la morto. — FS
• Aragon-o Aragon.
• arak-o (spirits) arrack, — DEFIRS
• araknoid-o (anat.) arachnoid. — DEF
• Arame-a (lando) Aram; -ano: Aramean.
• arane-o spider; -atra: s.-like, araneous; -reto, -telo: spider-, cob-web; -pedo: s. leg. — EFIS
• aranj-ar (tr.) to arrange: make orderly disposition of, dispose of in a proper manner; (cf. ordinar) -o, -eso, -uro: (act, state, result) arranging, disposition; Ex.: Aranjar libri sur tablo. Aranjar afero, mariajo, kofro, lito Aranjar por facar ulo. — DEFI
• arbalest-o arbalist; cross-bow; -iero: cross-bowman. — DEFIRS
• arbitr-ar (tr.) to arbitrate: award as an arbitrator, decide, judge, settle (ulo); -o: arbitration; -anto, -ero, -isto: arbitrator; umpire; referee; -ala: arbitral. — DEFIRS
• arbitraj-ar (tr., com.) to carry on arbitrage: to buy and sell on the market. — DEFIRS
• arbitri-o free-will; -ala: arbitrary, discretionary; -ajo: arbitrary act, caprice: -e: ad libitum, at will; segun la arbitrio: at the discretion or will (di ulu). — DEFIS
• arbor-o tree; -ala: arboreal; -atra: arborescent; -oza: woody; -aro: clump of t.s.; -izar: to afforest, plant with t.s.; -kultiv-(ad)o: arboriculture; -gluo: bird-lime; -o genealogi-ala: genealogical t.; -stumpo: t. stump; -trunko: t. trunk; -speco: specie of t.; -rano: t.-frog (Hyla aborea); -eduk-eyo: (hort.) nursery; sen- -igar, des- -izar: to clear of t.s.; dorn- -o: thorn-t. eben- -o: ebony-t.; Kristo-naskala- -o: Christmas t.; ax- -o: (tech.) axle-t., -shaft; movo-, trans-mis- -o: main-, transmission shaft. — EFIS
• arbust-o shrub, bush (not over three feet in height); sub- -o: underbrush; -aro: thicket. — FIS
• arbut-o arbute berry; -iero: (European) arbutus (genus: Arbutus). — EFIL
• arch-o (Noah’s) ark; -o di kontrato: ark of the covenant (Bibl.). — DEFIS
• Arden-i the Ardennes.
• ardez-a, -o slate; -ea, -atra, -oza: slaty; -a krayono: s. pencil; -a tabelo: slate (for writing); -kolor-izar: to cover, with s. color: -kovrar: to cover, roof with s.: -min-eyo: s. quarry. — FI
• ardor-ar (intr.) to be aglow, glowing, hot, fiery (cf. brular, kombustar); (fig.) (of passion, zeal) to be ardent, fervent; (of animals) to be in heat, rut; -o: heat; ardor, eagerness; rut; -anta, -oza: fiery, burning, full of ardor, passionate; -igar: to make burn, set on fire, make ardent. — DEFIS
• ardu-a arduous: (of mountains, etc.) steep, rugged: hard to climb (cf. eskarpa); (of tasks, etc.) difficult to perform. — EFIS
• are-o area; extent of surface: (geom.) superfices. — DEFIS
• arek-o areca-, betel-nut (cf. betel-ajo); -iero: areca-palm (Areca). — DEFIRS
• aren-o arena, ring. V. Exp.: Areno esas spaco rondatra od elipsoiorma e klozita, por la ludi e kombati cirklala. Lico esas longa kureyo, generale duopia (por iro e riveno) por kuri o por turniri. — DEFIRS
• areol-o (anal., med.) areola. — DEFIS
• areometr-o areometer. — DEFIRS
• areometri-o (phys.) areometry. — DEFIRS
• areopag-o (also fig.) Areopagus; -ano: Areopagite. — DEFIRS
• arest-ar (tr., legal) to arrest: make a prisoner of, put under a.; -esar: to be a.ed; -o, -eso: a.; custody; -anto, -ero: person a.ing; -ato, -ito: person a ed; -impero: order for a. — DEFIRS
• argal-o (orni.) marabou-stork (Leptoptilus Argala). — F
• argan-o (lifting-) gin, sheer-leg (ci. krano). — US
• argil-o argil; clay, potter’s earth; -a, -oza, -atra: argillaceous, clayish; -izar: to marl (land). — DEFIS
• Argolid-o Argolis.
• argon-o (chem.) argon — DEF
• argonaut-o (myth.) Argonaut. — DEFIRS
• argument-ar (intr.) to argue: hold an argument. Def.: Rezonar por pruvar ulo. — DEFIRS
• «argus» (myth.) Argus; (fig.) spy. — DEFIRS
• -ari- -ee; indicating: the object of an action, the recipient of an action or one upon whom a right, especially legal, is conferred: pag-ario, payee; grant-ario, grantee; don-ario, donee.
• ari-o (mus.) tune, air. — DEFIRS
• arid-a arid: dry and barren; (cf. sterila); -eso: aridity, Ant: humida, fruktoza,fertila. — DEFIRS
• ariet-o (instr. of war and tech.) battering-ram; Aries, sign of the Zodiac; hidraulikala -o: hydraulic ram. — IS
• aril-o aril. — EFIS
• arist-o (geom.) edge, projecting angle; (arch. and carp.) arris; (bot.) awn, beard (of barley, wheat, etc.); ridge (of nose, of mountain, of a bayonet, etc.); -o-trabo: ridge-piece, hip-rafter; (angular) fish-bone — EFIS
• aristokrat-a, -ata aristocratic; -(ul)o: aristocrat; -aro: (collect) aristocracy ; -eso;aristocracy, nobility (quality); -ismo: aristocracy (political system); -igar: to make a.; -eskar: to become a. — DEFIRS
• aristoloki-o (bot.) aristolochia, birth-wort. — DEFIRS
• Aristotel-ana, -ala Aristotelian. — DEFIRS
• aritmetik-o arithmetic; -ala probiemo,operaco: arithmetical problem, operation; -ero, -isto: arithmetician. — DEFIRS
• aritmograf-o arithmometer: calculating machine. — DEFIRS
• aritmologi-o theory of numbers. — DFIRS
• aritmomanci-o arithmomancy: divination by numbers. — DEFIRS
• aritmonietr-o arithmometer: calculating machine. — DEFIRS
• ariv-ar (intr.) to arrive (at destination, at a certain place). V. exp.; Se ulu venas de Berlin ad Paris, lu advenas dum la tota voyajo; ma lu arivas nur ye la fino (lasta momento) di la voyajo; e lu povas advenar sen arivar (se lu esus haltigata da acidento). Ant.: departar. — EFIS
• arjent-a, -o ilver; -izar: to silver over, plate; -oza, -atra, -ea: argentiferous, silvery; -aji, -ajaro,-a vazaro: silver-ware; -a moneto, peco: silver coin; lingot-a -o bar silver; -o-nitrato silver nitrate, lunar caustic. — EFIS
• arjentan-o (alloy) argentan. — DEFIS
• Arjentini-a (the) Argentine.
• ark-o (geom., arch., elec.) arch (as of bridge), arc; -iz-uro: archway, vault; -igar: to arch: bend, curve, in form of a.; apog- -o: arch-boutant: flying buttress; arm- -o: bow; ciel-, pluv- -o: rainbow; (arm-)ark-ero, -isto, iero: archer, bow-man; elektrala -o: electrical a.; klozar -o: (geom.) subtend; micirkla -o: semi-circular a.; sel- -o:saddle-bow; triumf- -o: triumphal a. vult- -o: covering of an a.; -o-petro: a.-stone; -apogar: to buttress; -lampo: arc-lamp, -light. — DEFIRS
• arkabuz-o arquebuse. — DEFIRS
• arkad-o (arch.) arcade. — DEFIRS
• Arkadi-a Arcadia; -ano: Arcadian.
• arkaik-a, -ema archaic: old, antiquated; -ajo: a. object. — DEFIRS
• arkaism-o archaism: antiquated form of speech; -ema: archaic (tendency in speech). — DEFIRS
• arkan-a arcane: hidden, secret; -o: arcanum: great secret of nature. V. exp.: Sekreta, arkana, okulta: Sekreta esas la maxim generala vorto. Arkano esas sekreto ciencala (o, pseudo-ciencala), quan on revelas o docas nur ad iniciati (ex.: l’arkani di l’alkemio). Ol esas analoga a misterio, ma misterio apartenas a religio, ed arkano a cienco o tekniko. Okulta dicesas omno quo koncernas la mondo di la spiriti e nia (asertita) relati kun li (ex. magio, astrologio, spiritismo, e.c.). La «okulta cienci» ne esas simple sekreta cienci ma la cienci qui pretendas revelar a ni l’altra mondo o komunikigar ni kun olu. — DEFIRS
• arkeolog-o archeologist. — DEFIRS
• arkeologi-o archeology; -ala: archeological. — DEFIRS
• arki- arch-, of eminent degree, chief. Used especially in titles: arki-duk(ul)o, archduke; arki-episkopo, archbishop.
• arki-anjel-o archangel.
• arki-chambelan-o archchamberlain.
• arki-diakon-o archdeacon.
• arki-duk-o archduke; -ala: archducal; -ino: archduchess; -io: archduchy (estate); -eyo: a. palace; -eso: archduchy (dignity, office).
• arki-episkop-o archbishop.
• arki-kancelero arch-, high-chancellor.
• arkimandrito-o (Greek Ch.) archimandrite. — DEFIRS
• arkipelag-o archipelago. — DEFIRS
• arki-sacerdot-o archpriest.
• arkitekt-o architect. — DEFIRS
• arkitektur-o architecture; -ala: architectural. — DEFIRS
• arkitrav-o (arch.) architrave. — DEFIRS
• arkiv-o, -i archive(s): record(s), state-paper(s); -isto: archivist: keeper of the records. — DEFIRS
• arkivult-o (arch.) archivolt. — DEFIRS
• arkont-o (hist.) archon. — DEFIRS
• arktik-a, -o arctic; -a ganso: wild goose (Anser hyperboreus). — DEFIRS
• arlekin-o harlequin, merry-andrew; -ajo: a piece of buffoonery; -vesto: h.-dress; (fig.) patch-work, medley. — DEFIRS
• arm-o arm: weapon; -aro: weapons (collect.); -eyo: armory (depot); -ifar: to manufacture a.s; -if-isto: gun-smith; -izar: to a.; arm-arko: long-bow; paf- -o: fire-arm; -frato: brother-in-arms; (hom)- -aro: armor (for persons; cf. kuraso); gamb- -o: leg-armor; abasez la -i: down, ground arms! depozar -i: to lay down arms; -izita de kapo a pedi: Armed from head to feet; trupo -izita: armed force; -o-hakilo: battle-axe; portez -i: shoulder arms! — DEFIS
• armadil-o (zool.) armadillo (Dasypus). — DEFIS
• armator-o shipowner. Def.: Posedanto ed equipanto di navo. — FIRS
• armatur-o (elec.) armature; (tech.) iron braces, stays (to strengthen masonry, etc.); kabl- -o: wire covering about a cable; -izita cemento: reinforced cement. — DEFIRS
• arme-o army; -o de triadek mil viri: a. of 30,000 men; -chefo, -estro: head of the a., general; -korpo: a. corps; (fig.) cielal- - o: celestial a.; reserv- -o: a. in reserve. — DEFIRS
• Armeni-a Armenia; -ano: Armenian.
• armistic-o armistice, truce. — DEFIS
• armor-o cupboard; -eto: cabinet; fer- -o: iron chest, strong-box; glaci- -o: ice-box; linj- -o: linen press; mur- -o: c. in a wall; nutriv-, para-mush- -o: pantry; screened c.; vest- -o: wardrobe; plad- -o: dish-closet. — FIS
• armoraci-o horse-radish (Cochlearia Armoracia). — FISL
• arnik-o (bot. and med.) arnica (Arnica montana). — DEFIRS
• arob-o at sign. Def.: Signo @, uzata i.a. en adresi elektronikala — FS
• arog-ar (tr.) to arrogate (ulo a su): to make undue claims; -ema, -anta: arrogant, overbearing, supercilious, haughty. Ex.: Il arogas a su autoritato sen havar la yuro. — DEFIS
• arom-o aroma: spicy flavor or smell. — DEFIRS
• aromat-o aromatic: fragrant vegetable substance. — DEFIRS
• arorut-o arrowroot: starchy flour of Maranta arundinatea and other plants. — DEFR
• aroz-ar (tr.) to moisten, wet, water (with any liquid); -ilo: watering-pot; -venturo: sprinkling cart; V. exp.: aquizar, aspersar, irgacar: On povas arozar materiale o figurale, per mult altra liquidi kam aquo. La biblo dicas, ke Noa «arozis» la vito sucedante per sango di pavono, per sango di simio, per sango di leono e per sango di porko. Do on ne povas uzar «aquizar». On aspersas planti ed arbori por preventar ula morbo. Asperso relatas saneso. Irigaco esas brancho di agrokultivado. Ol aquizas tota farmi, distrikti per fluigar aquo de riveri, lagi, e.c., en artificala kanali a la kultivo-loki. — F
• arpej-ar (intr.) to play arpeggios; -o: arpeggio. — DEFIRS
• arsen-o (chem.) arsenic. — DEFIRS
• arsenal-o arsenal. — DEFIRS
• art-o art: practical skill guided by rules; occupation requiring such skill; -isto: artist (in fine arts), adept (at anything); -ala: artistic: (relating to arts); -ist-ala: relating to the artist; -al-eso: artistic quality or character (of a thing); -e, -oze: artfully, skillfully, cunningly; -ema: artistic (person); -ist-ino: female artist; -i bela: (the) fine arts; -o-verko: work of art; -i societ-ala: social accomplishments; -i liberal, mekanikal: the liberal, mechanical arts or professions; poezi- -o: the poetic art; akush- -o: abstetrics (as a profession); -i utila: useful arts; skrib-arto: the art of writing. Def.: Aplik(ad)o di konoci por realigar koncepto. — DEFIRS
• artemizi-o (bot.) mugwort (genus: Artemisia); -absinta: common worm-wood. — FL
• arteri-o (anat.) artery; -ala: arterial. — DEFIRS
• arteriit-o arteritis: inflammation of the arteries; (cf. flebito). — DEF
• arteriologi-o arteriology. — DEFIRS
• arteriotomi-o (surg.) arteriotomy. — DEFIRS
• artez-a Artesian; -a puteo: A.-well. — DEFIRS
• artichok-o (bot.) artichoke (Cynara Scolymus). — DEFR
• artific-o artifice: artful or ingenious expedient; -ala: artificial; (cf. falsa): -acho: (in a bad sense) cunning, craft, wile, trick; -(ach)oza: artful, crafty, factitious; sen- -a: frank. Ex.: Artificala dentaro, gambo, rido. La artifico qua movigas automato. — DEFIS
• artik-o (anat., bot.) articulation: joint; -ala: articular; -izar: to articulate: supply with a.s; -oza, -iz-ita: articulated, jointed; bul- -o: arthrodia; -o inter la kruro e la hancho: the a. of the thigh with the hip: the hip-joint; des- -izar: to unjoint. — DEFIS
• artikl-o (newspaper, gram.) article; (cf. varo, komerc-ajo); -o redaktistal: editorial; kred- -o: a. of faith; defin-ita -o: definite a. — DEFIRS
• artikul-ar (tr.) to articulate: pronounce, utter words; ne- -ita: inarticulate. — DEFIRS
• artileri-o artillery: body of troops; (cf. kanon-aro); -ano: a. man, gunner; ped- -o: foot a. — DEFIRS
• artizan-o artisan, mechanic. Def.: Industrial o mi-industriala laboristo, maxim multakaze habila pri sua mestiero; l'artizano praktikas sua profesiono sive sen helpero sive helpata da kelka kompani, sen esar guvernata da patrono. — EFIS
• artr-o (anat.) part or segment of a limb or body; movable articulation. Ex.: La korpi di kelka insekti havas multa artri. — FS
• artrit-o (med.) arthritis; -ika, -iko: (person) suffering with a. — DEFIRS
• artrodi-o (anat.) arthrodia. — DEF
• artropod-o (zool.) arthropod, articulata. — DEFIS
• aruf-ar (tr.) to ruffle up, turn back (feathers, hair); karezar kato arufe: to stroke a cat the wrong way. — I
• arum-o (bot.) arum: cuckoo-pint, wake-robin (genus: Arum). — DEFIRS
• aruspic-o (Rom. antiq.) (h)aruspex. — DEFIRS
• Arveni-a Auvergne.
• Aryan-a, -o Aryan (race, language). — DEFIRS
• as-o ace (cards, dice); kordi- -o: ace of hearts. — DEFIS
• asafetid-o asafetida: gum resin of Ferula Asafoetida. — DEFIS
• asalt-ar (tr.) to assault, storm (a fortified place); to assault, charge (the enemy); -anto, -ero: assailant aggressor; ek- -ar to make a sally, sortie; ri- -ar: to charge again; -ar quik l’obstaklo: (fig.) to take the bull by the horns; sonigar por -o: to sound the charge; -o-skalo: scaling-ladder; ne- -ebla: unassailable, impregnable; -e kaptar, konquestar: to carry by assault, (cf. atakar, asomar, atentar). — EFIRS
• asasin-ar (tr.) to assassinate. Def.: Mortigar kun preintenco ed embuske o surprize. — DEFIS
• asbest-o (min.) asbestos. — DEFIRS
• asekur-ar (tr., finan.) to insure, underwrite (against loss); -ar su: to insure oneself; -ito: insured person; -isto: insurer, underwriter; -ar pluse, pose: to take out additional i.; -o-akto, -kontrato: i. policy; -o-kontoro: i. office; -o-taxo: premium (paid by insured to insurer). — DEFIS
• asel-o (ent.) woodlouse (Oniscus Asellus). — DIL
• asembl-ar (tr., gen.) to assemble: collect, bring together (people, materials, etc.); -o, -uro, -ajo: assembl-y, -age; -o publika, politikala: public, political meeting. V. exp.: vid. muntar. — EFI
• asent-ar (tr.) to give assent to: agree to, aquiesce in. Ex.: Me asentas vua judiko (t.e. me opinionas same, me judikas to kom vera. V. exp.: Asento koncernas opinioni pure teoriala; konsentar relatas prefere opinioni praktikala, t.e. propozi e rezolvi. — DEFIS
• asept-a aseptic; -eso: asepticism (state); -igar: to asepticize; -ig-(ad)o: asepsis (act). Def.: Qua ne havas mikrobi. — DEFIRS
• asert-ar (tr.) to assert, allege, set forth, protest (declare); -ita: pretended, asserted, so-called; -ar la falseso di: to deny in toto; -ar per sua honoro: to a. upon his honor, give his word of honor; -o pri fideleso: protestation of fidelity; -ita inventuro: so-called invention; esar -ita absenta: to be reputed (regarded, considered) as absent. — EFIRS
• asesor-o assessor: an assistant judge. — DEFIRS
• asfalt-o asphalt(um); -isar: to asphalt; -a, -izita choseo: asphalted road. — DEFIRS
• asfixi-ar (tr.) to asphyxiate; -esar (da): to be a.ed (by); -o, -eso: asphyxiation (act, state); -ita: a.ed. V. exp.: Sufokar esas la vulgara, asfixiar la ciencala vorto. Asfixiar esas la halto dil arterio-pulsado. Ol esas stando sucedanta al neperfekta oxigenizo dil sango, finanta per la morto, kande lu tro duras. Sufoko esas speco de asfixio, per obstaklo al adveno dil areo til pulmoni, obstruktado di naztrui, di boko, kompreso di kolo, e.c. — DEFIRS
• asfodel-o (bot.) asphodel (genus: Asphodelus). — DEFIRS
• asidu-a assiduous: constant, regular (in attendance or work). V. exp.: Diligenta relatas la fervoro od agemeso, ed asidua la akurata e reguloza prezenteso, la kontinueso di laboro. Ant.: ne-akurata, neglij-anta. — EFIS
• asign-ar (tr.) to assign, to appropriate, allot, set apart (a sum), to fix, appoint (a day, place, rank), (fig., legal) to summons, cite, subpoena; (cf.atribuar, cedar); -o-letro: (jur.) subpoena, writ, summons. Ex.: La ministraro asignas sumo por pagar salarii. Asignar dio por pagar debajo, la limiti (di ulo), a singlu lua rango, lua tasko. — DEFIS
• asimil-ar (tr.) to assimilate (physiol. and fig.). Ex.: La animali povas asimilar nur animala o vejetala substanci. Usa asimilas multa populi. — DEFIRS
• asimptot-o (geom.) asymptote. — DEFIRS
• Asiri-a Assyria; -ano: Assyrian.
• asist-ar (tr.) to be present at, attend; -o: attendance, presence; -anto, -ero: person present, onlooker, bystander (not helper; cf. help-anto); -ant-aro: audience, congregation; Ex.: On asistas spektaklo, acidento, disputo. Il ne nur asistis, ma parto-prenis ta diskuto. La diskurso esis asistata da multa personi, qui ofte aplaudis ol. — DFIRS
• askarid-o (zool.) ascarid (Askaridae; genus: Ascaris). — DEFIRS
• asket-o, -ala ascetic; -eso, -ismo: (state, doctrine) asceticism; -aji: a. acts, austerities. — DEFIRS
• askolt-ar (tr.) to listen to, hearken to, give ear to; -anto, -ero: listener. V. exp.: Askoltar implikas sempre intenco e volo. Audar esas perceptar per l’orelo, vole o nevole. Ex.: Me askoltas vu ma me ne audas pro la bruiso. — I
• asn-o donkey, ass; -ulo: jackass; -ino: she-ass; -al-ajo: asinity; stupidity, silly blunder; -acho: stupid ass; -et-yuno: ass’s colt; -oreli: ass’s ears; -o-karg-ajo: load of an ass; -o-dukt-isto: donkey driver; -o-bramo: bray of an ass; ped-frapo di -o: kick of an ass. — EFIS
• asoci-ar (tr.) to make (a person) one’s associate, partner, colleague, companion, accomplice (in an ill sense); to make (ulu) participate or share in (ulo); -o, -uro: association, partnership; -ito: associate, fellow, companion; -it-aro: an association, society (persons) -ema: sociable; -em-eso: sociability; -ado di idei: a. of ideas. — DEFIRS
• asom-ar (tr.) to fell, to knock down: to knock on the head; -isto, -ero: feller (of oxen); -ilo: loaded bludgeon. V. exp.: On povas asomar per mazo o sen instrumento (ex. per pugnobato). — F
• asonanc-ar (intr). to be assonant (kun); -o: assonance; -anta, -oza: assonant. — DEFIS
• asort-ar (tr.) to assort, match, suit, sort out, classify things alike, or somewhat alike, or suited to each other; -(ad)o, -ajo: assortment; -uro (di dimanti, di pladi, di kulieri, e.c.): a set of diamonds, plates, spoons); butil- -ajo: stock (of a shop). — DEFIR
• asparag-o (bot.) asparagus; -o-pinto: the tip (or top) of a. shoots; -eyo: a. bed. — DEFIRS
• asparagin-o (chem.) asparagine. — DEFIRS
• aspartam-o aspartame. — DEFIRS
• aspekt-ar (intr.) to look (like, as if: quale), to seem (to be), appear; -o: aspect, view, sight, look, phase; -ar felica: to look happy; -ar quale fola, folo: to look like, seem to be a fool; -o yun(es)ala: youthful look; la kozi chanjis sua -o: the aspect of things changed. — DEFIRS
• asper-a (of touch) rough, uneven. V. exp.: Acerba koncernas la gusto, aspera la takto. Ant.: glata. — EFIS
• aspers-ar (tr.) to sprinkle (to prevent disease); (rel.) to asperse; -ilo: sprinkler; (rel.) aspergillum. V. exp.: vid. arozar. — DEFIRS
• asperul-o (bot., genus) asperula; -o odor-oza: woodruff. — EFISL
• aspik-o (zool.) asp (Naja Haje). — EFIRS
• aspir-ar (tr.) to inhale, draw in (air, smoke, etc.); to suck in or up (liquids); (gram.) to aspirate (a sound); to aspire: desire eagerly, long for, aim at; -(ad)o: inhaling, inbreathing, suction, aspiration: ardent wish; -ilo: (chem) aspirator; -ajo: (gram.) aspirate; -signo: (gram.) sign of aspiration; -ar la honori, ofici: aspire to honors, office; -ar la krono, rejeso: aspire to the crown, to kingship; (cf. ambiciar); -ar la venjo: to long for vengeance; -o di aero en la pulmoni: inhaling of air into the lungs; -o-tubo: suction pipe; pumpilo aspiras l’aquo: a pump sucks (draws) up the water; la feliceso quan me -as: the happiness which I long for. V. exp.: vid. sugar. Ant. expirar. — DEFIRS
• aspirin-o aspirin. Def.: Acido acetil-salicila medicinale uzata kontre febro e dolori. — DEFIS
• astatik-a (magnetism) astatic. — DEFIRS
• astenop-a (bot.) asthenopic. — DE
• aster-o (bot.) aster; Chiniana -o: China a. — DEFIRS
• asteri-o (zool.) asterid, star-fish (genus: Asterias). — DEFIRS
• asterisk-o asterisk. Def.: Steleto (*) por markizar vorti propozita, ne ja adoptita dal kompetent autoritato, anke por markizar historiala formo supozita. — EFIS
• asterism-o (astron., opt. of crystals) asterism. Def.: Optikal fenomeno; reflekto radianta di la lumo sur ula lapidi. — DEFIRS
• asteroid-o (astron.) asteroid. — DEFIRS
• astigmat-a astigmatic: -eso: astigmatism. — DEF
• astm-o (med.) asthma; -ika, iko: asthmatic (person). — DEFIRS
• aston-ar (tr.) to astonish, surprise, amaze: -egar: to astound, aghast; (fig.) to stupify; (cf. stupor-igar); -esar: to be a.ed (da). — EF
• astr-o star: any heavenly body; -ala: astral, sidereal; -aro: constellation; fixa -o: fixed s.; -o-fiziko: astrophysics. V. exp.: Stelo, astro: La astri esas omna cielala korpi, qui kontenas ne nur las steli (dicita fixa), ma la planeti, lia sateliti (exemple la luno), la nebulosi, la kometi, e.c. — DEFIRS
• astragal-o (anat., arch.) astragal. — DEFIRS
• astrakan-o astrakhan (pelt). — DEFIRS
• astrikt-ar (tr.) to have an astringent effect on; -(ad)o, -eso: (med.) astriction; -iva, ivo: astringent. Def.: Astrikto esas densigo di ula organika texuri: ex. «aluno esas astriktiva». — DEFIS
• astrolab-o (astron. instr.) astrolabe. — DEFIRS
• astrolog-o astrologer. — DEFIRS
• astrologi-o astrology. — DEFIRS
• astronaut-o astronaut. — DEFIRS
• astronautik-o astronautics. — DEFIRS
• astronom-o astronomer. — DEFIRS
• astronomi-o astronomy; -ala: astronomical. — DEFIRS
• Asturi-a Astrias; -ano: Asturian.
• asum-ar (tr.) to assume, take on oneself, undertake; (cf. entraprezar); -ajo: assumption: something taken for granted; -ar afero: take a hand in an affair; -ar debi: a. debts; -ar devo, la responso: to a. a duty, the responsibility; -ar la spensi: to undertake the expense; -ar la instrukto di la infanto: to undertake the instruction of the child (cf. supozar). — EFIS
• asuncion-o (rel.) Assumption (of the Virgin Mary). — DEFIRS
• atach-ar to attach. Def.: Forte juntar (kozi o personi). — DEFI
• atak-ar (tr.) to attack; (milit.) to take the offensive; (cf. asaltar, asomar, atentar); -o: (alo med.) attack(ing); -anto, -into, -ero: attacker, assailant, aggressor; -ebla: assailable; -anta, -ema: aggressive, attacking, offensive (attack); -em-eso: aggressiveness; cirkum- -ar: to a. on all sides; flanke -ar: to a. on flank; -ar dorse, surprize: to a. at the rear, to make a surprise a.; kontre- -o: counter a.; noktal -o: night a.; -iva federo: offensive alliance. — DEFIRS
• ataraxi-o (philos.) ataraxy: perfect piece of mind. — DEFIRS
• atashe-o (diplo.) attaché. — DEFIR
• atavism-o atavism. — DEFIRS
• ataxi-o ataxia (med.) -ika, iko: ataxic (person); -o lokomocala: locomotor a. — DEFIS
• atazi-o (med.) aphasia; -iko: person suffering from a. — DEFIS
• ateism-o atheism; -ala: atheistic (doctrine, teaching). — DEFIRS
• ateist-a, -o atheist; -ala: atheistic (of persons); -aro: a.s (collect.). — DEFIRS
• atelier-o atelier (workshop). Def.: Loko en qua laboras piktisto, skultisto, fotografisto, artizano. — DEFS
• atenc-ar (tr.) to pay attention to (ulu, ulo); to apply the mind to, heed; -o: attention, care, heed; -ema: attentive, mindful; -ez: attention! mind! look out! ne- -oza, -ema: inattentive, heedless; sen- -ajo: inadvertence, oversight (act). — DEFIS
• atene-o Athenaeum (temple and literary institution). — DEFIRS
• atent-ar (tr.) to make a criminal attempt on (ulu, ulo); -o: attempt (to commit an offense or crime); attack, assault (on persons or property), outrage; -a, -anta, -ema: assailing, unlawful, hostile; -ar la honoro di ulu: to assail the honor of some one; -ar la vivo (di ulu): to make an attempt on a person’s life; -ar su ipsa: to attempt suicide; -o kontre la majesto: crime of lese-majeste; -o kontre la pudoro: criminal (or indecent) assult. — DEFIS
• aterom-o (med.) atheroma. — DEFIRS
• atest-ar (tr.) to attest: certify, bear witness, give proof of; -(ad)o: attestation, testimony, deposition, certification; -uro: certificate, voucher; deb- -o: acknowledgement of debt; demandar -o (di ulu): to call for witness: donar -o: (jur.) to depose; examen- -o: brevet, certificate, diploma; facar -o (pri ulo, ulu): to bear witness; falsa, menti- -o: false testimony; mariaj - o: certification of marriage; -o di salubreso: health certificate; -ala: testimonial: relating to testimony; la dei -as to: the gods are witness to it, as the gods are our witnesses. — DEFIRS
• atik-o (arch.) attic, a. story; (cf. mansardo). — EF
• atik-ismo Atticism; -isto: Atticist. — DEFIRS
• ating-ar (tr.) to attain, reach; ta infanto ruptas irgo quon il povas -ar: that child breaks everything he can reach; la vito -as la triesma etajo: the vine reaches to the 3rd story; -ar sua skopo: to hit one’s mark, attain one’s aim; ta kalumnii ne povas -ar ni: those calumnies cannot reach (hurt) us; -ar la simileso: to hit off the resemblance; ye fusil- -o: at (within) gun shot; -o-disto: hand’s reach; ne -ebla: beyond reach. — EFIS
• atitud-o attitude. Def.: Mentala posturo: vere, il montras nobla atitudo. — EFIS
• atlant-o (arch.) atlas; (pl.) atlantes; (cf. kariatido). Def.: Virala figuro, qua servas kom suportilo. — DEFIRS
• Atlantik-a, -o the Atlantic.
• Atlantik-o, -a oceano Atlantic (ocean); trans- -a: transatlantic. — DEFIRS
• atlas-o (anat., geog.) atlas. — DEFIRS
• atlet-o athlete; -ala, -atra: athletic; -ismo, -exerc-ado: athletics. — DEFIRS
• atmosfer-o atmosphere; -ala: atmospheric; -o-preso: a. pressure. — DEFIRS
• atol-o atoll. Def.: Koralia insulo. — DEFIS
• atom-o atom; -ala pezo: atomic weight; -ismo: atomism (theory); -isto: atomist (philos.). — DEFIRS
• atoni-o (med.) atony; -oza: atonic. — DEFIRS
• -atr- -like, -ish; of the nature of or having nearly the same appearance, qualities or characteristics; similar: sponj-atra, spongy; metal-atra, metal-like; flav-atra, yellowish; used ordinarily with non-verbal roots and referring to things, not persons (cf. -em-). Note: The roots form-, simil- are used in the same sense as -atr-.
• atrakt-ar (tr. also fig.) to attrack, draw; -(ad)eso: attract -ing, -ion; -iva, -ivo: attractive, inviting, engaging, winning (object); -ilo di desfortuno: something which brings bad luck. Ex.: La magneto atraktas la fero. Atraktar l’atenco di ulu. Atraktar la odio di la publiko. Un desfortuno atraktas (E. brings on) un altra. Atrakto-forco, -povo. Mieno atraktiva. Ant.: repulsar, antipatiar. — DEFIS
• atrap-ar (tr.) to entrap: take in, trick, hoax, dupe; April- -o, -ilo: April hoax; -ita da fripono: taken in by a rogue. — DEFS
• atribu-ar to assign, give, bestow, vest, allocate, invest with (something as due and appropriate); -ar a ta ofico la konoco di ica od ita aferi: to assign to that office the cognizance of such and such affairs; la funcioni atribuita a policestro esas tre multa: the functions assigned (or vested in) the chief of police are very numerous; on atribuis bela honorarii a ta ofico: handsome emoluments have been assigned (attached, annexed) to that office; -ar la kulpo ad ulu: to throw the fault on some one; -ar a su la honori di: to take the credit, claim the honors of. (cf. imputar). — DEFIS
• atribut-o (log., gram.) attribute, attributive. — DEFIRS
• atric-ar (intr., theol.) to feel attrition; -o: (theol.) attrition: grief for sin arising from fear of punishment. — DEFIS
• atrofi-ar (tr., med.) to atrophy; -esar: to be atrophied, waste away. — DEFIRS
• atropin-o atropin(e). — DEFIRS
• atun-o (ich.) tunny (-fish) (Scomber thynus). — DEFIRS
• aturd-ar (tr.) to stun. V. exp.: Aturdar ne esas sempre vertijigar, nek ebriigar; en sua propra senco, ol indikas nekoncio o preska nekoncio produktita exemple da frapo, granda shoko, e.c. — FIS
• aucion-ar (tr.) to bid for, offer a higher price; -(ad)o: bidding, bid; -anto: bidder; -e vendar: to auction off, to sell at auction; -o, -vendo: auction; -ven-ist-o: auctioneer; -ar domo: to bid for a house. Def.: Ofrar preco plu alta kam altru. — DEFRS
• aud-ar (tr.) to hear: receive sensations by the ear; -(ad)o, -eso: hearing, audition; -ala, -iva: auditory, auricular; -anta: audient, listening, hearing; -anto, -ero: hearer, auditor; -ant-aro: audience, auditors, congregation; per -o: by hearsay. V. exp.: vid. askoltar, kp. auskultar. — DEFIRS
• audac-ar (tr.) to dare, venture, be so bold as; -o: audacity, hardihood; -oza, -anta: bold, daring, intrepid; -ego: temerity; -anto, -ozo: audacious person; -igar: to embolden; -eskar: to grow bold; -ar ek-asalto: to venture (dare) a sortie; me ne audacas informar il pri la mala novajo: I do not dare to inform him of the bad news; simular -o: to bluster. V. exp.: vid. riskar. — EFIS
• audienc-o audience, sitting, hearing (granted by person in authority); not audience as in theaters, etc; cf. aud-ant-aro; -eyo: a. chamber; Sro. X havis -o kun la rejo: Mr. X had an a. with the king; hori di -o: (fixed) hours for hearing, times for cosultation (physicians, barristers). — DEFIRS
• audiometr-o audiometer. — DEFIRS
• auditor-o auditor: judicial-hearer, assessor (functionary). — DEFIRS
• augment-ar (tr., intr.) to augment: to increase, enlarge, to make larger or more numerous; to raise (rents, prices, wages, etc. (cf. plu-cher-igar); -(ad)o, -eso, -uro: augmentation, increase, aggravation; rise (in price); (gram.) augment; -iva, -ivo: augmentative; pluse -ar: to raise higher. Ex.: Augmentar sua fortuno; augmentar la preco di nutrivi; augmentar sua domo, sua domeno. Augmentar la salarii. La desfacilaji augmentis cirkum lu. Ant.: diminutar, reduktar. — DEFIS
• augur-ar (tr.) to augur (de ulo); -o: augury, omen, presage; -isto: augur, soothsayer; mal- -a: ominous; -ar bone pri kozo: to augur well (have a favorable opinion) of a thing; Ex.: Ta evento esas bona auguro. To bone auguras. — DEFIRS
• august-a august: imposing awe or veneration, majestic. Ex.: Il esas persono di august aspekto. — DEFIRS
• «aula» aula: hall in universities, colleges, etc.; -ala konsilistaro: aulic council. — DEFIRS
• Aulid-o Aulis.
• aureol-o (pr. and fig.) aureole, halo, nimbus; -izar: to put a halo around (as in painting); (fig.) to crown with glory. — DEFIRS
• aurikul-o (anat.) auricle. — DEFIS
• auror-o aurora, dawn; -o pol-ala: a. borealis. — DEFIRS
• auskult-ar (tr., med.) to auscultate. — DEFIRS
• auspici-o, -i (lit. and fig) auspice(s); me entraprezas ica afero kun -i favoroza: I undertake this business under favorable a.s. Def.: Predico ek la flugo o la kanto dil uceli (en Roma antiqua). — DEFIS
• auster-a austere: (in a moral sense) strict, rigid. Def.: Tre severa por su pri la mori, kun nuanco di rigoro ed asketeso. — DEFIS
• austr-o (poet.) a south wind; -ala: austral: southern; -ala latitudo: southern latitude. — DEFIRS
• Australazi-a Australasia. — DEFIRS
• Australi-a Australia; -ano: Australian.
• Austri-a Austria; -ano: Austrian.
• autentik-a authentic, genuine, properly attested; -igar: to authenticate; garantiar la -eso di: to guarantee the authenticity of — DEFIRS
• autism-o autism. — DEFIRS
• auto- (prefix for scientific and technical words) auto-, self-; auto-movanta: self-moving, -acting. — DEFIRS
• autobiografi-o autobiography. — DEFIRS
• autobus-o bus. Def.: Omnabusa automobilo. — DEFIS
• «autodafe» auto-da-fe. — DEFIRS
• autodidakt-a, -o autodidact: self-taught (person) — DEFIRS
• autogir-o autogyro. — DEFIRS
• autograf-a autographic: written by one’s own hand; -o: autograph: original signature or writing. — DEFIRS
• autokalv-o autoclave: (French) steaming vessel; -o da Papin: Papin’s digester. — DEFIRS
• autokrat-o autocrat; -a rej-ido: autocratic prince; -ala guvernado: a. government; -aro: autocracy (coll.); -eso: autocracy (quality); -ismo: autocracy (regime). — DEFIRS
• automat-o automaton; -a: automatic: self-acting; -ala: automatic (relating to an automaton); -eso: automatism. — DEFIRS
• automobil-o automobile: motor-car; -ero, -isto: automobilist; -duktisto: chauffeur; -ismo: automobilism; -korno: a. horn. — DEFIRS
• automorf-a (math.) automorphic. — DEFIRS
• autonom-a autonomous: self-governing, independent; -eso: autonomy. — DEFIRS
• autopsi-ar (tr.) to hold an autopsy on (ulu); -o: autopsy, post-mortem. — DEFIRS
• autor-o (lit.) author; (fig.) creator, originator; -acho: scribbler; -yuro: copyright. — DEFIRS
• autoritat-o authority: legal or rightful power; -ozo, -ozi: authorit-y, -ies; -oza, -ema: authoritative. — DEFIRS
• autostop-o hitchhiking. Def.: Haltigo di vehili transitanta por demandar transporto gratuita ad ula loko — DFIRS
• autun-o autumn: fall of the year; -ala: autumnal. — EFIS
• auxiliar-a auxiliary. Def.: helpala, helpanta. — EFIS
• av-o grand-parent; -ulo: grandfather; -ino: grandmother; ge- -i: grand-parents (both sexes); pre- -o: great grandparent; forefather; tri-esma -ulo: great-great-grandfather; prim- -o: (our) first parent; -ala nomo patronymic. — ILS
• aval-o aval: guaranty, surety: a signature at bottom of a bill to guarantee payment; -izar: to guarantee (a bill by endorsement). — DEFIS
• avalanch-ar (intr.) to fall in an avalanch; -o: avalanch. — EFIS
• avan (prep.) in front of, ahead of; before (in space, cf. ante); -e: (adv.) in front; -a: advance, forward, front; -o: the front; -ajo: thing, object in front, forepart; (fig.) forequarters (as of a horse); -irar: (intr.) to advance, go forward; kun la avano dope: with the front behind, or hindpart foremost; la akuzato sidas avan la jurio: the defendant sits before the jury; -brakio: fore-arm; -ceno: front of the stage, proscenium; -chambro: front-room, anteroom; -guardo: vanguard; -holdo: forward hold (of a ship); -kastelo: (mar.) fore-castle, -korpo, -parto: forepart; -pedo: front foot (of an animal); -portuo: outer harbor; -posteno: (milit.) outpost; -tekto: fore-roof, projecting roof, eaves; -viro: front man; (milit.) chief of file; Avan-Azia: Asia Minor. Ant.: dop. — DEFIRS
• avanc-ar (tr. intr.) to advance: to go forward, move, put forward, (in space and time); -inta frukti, flori: forward fruits, flowers; -inta posteno: (milit.) advanced post; -e: forward, onward, in advance; -ez: forward! Ex.: Avancar la manuo, la pedo. La armeo avancas en la lando. Avancar sua departo. Avancigar la laboro. Ant.: retro -irar; regresar, tard-igar. — DEFIS
• avantaj-o advantage; -oza: advantageous; -izar: to advantage, bestow an a. on, to favor; publika, statala- -o: public, state utility. Ex.: Ula persono povas havar avantajo relate altra. La avantaji dil paco. Ant.: des-avantajo. — DEFIS
• avantal-o apron (for persons or vehicles), pinafore. — SP
• avar-a, -acha avaricious, miserly, greedy, covetous; -eso: avarice; -acho: sordid miser, skinflint; -eg-eso, -ach-eso: niggardliness, stinginess. Ant.: prodig-anta, spens-ema, disipanta. — EFIS
• avari-ar (tr.) to damage (in conveying goods); -o: damage, loss, (com.) average. Def.: Avario indikas omna domajo, ne nur di navo, ma di kozi transportita per navo, fervoyo, veturo. — DEFIRS
• avelan-o filbert, hazel-nut; -iero: filbert-tree (Corylus Avellana); -ea: hazel colored. — FISL
• aven-o oats; -ala, -atra: avenaceous; -grani: oat-grains; -porciono: a feed of oats; -gruelo: porridge. — EFISL
• aventur-ar (intr.) to seek adventures, go on adventures, lead an adventurous (or roving) life; -o: adventure; -ema, -oza: adventurous, venturesome. (cf. riskar). — DEFIRS
• avenu-o avenue. Def.: Larja voyo arborizita, duktanta ad ula loko, kastelo, monumento (forsan placo). — DEFRS
• averaj-o average (math) — E
• avers-o front-, right-side (of cloth, medals, etc.) first page (of a book); -e: front side to; (cf. facio). Ant.: reverso. — DF
• avert-ar (tr.) to give notice, apprise, caution, advertise, warn (N.B. not necessarily to warn of danger); -o: warning, hint; -anto, -ero: cautioner; -anta: admonitory, premonitory; -ilo: warning instrument; -ar ulu pri ulo: to inform or apprise a person of something; -ar la patro pri la konduto di lua filiulo: to apprise the father of his son’s conduct; mea infirmeso avertas me pensar pri morto: my infirmities warn me to think of death; -ilo di incendio: fire alarm. Def.: Informar ulu pri ulo futura, bona o mala. — DEFIS
• aviac-ar (intr.) to practice aviation, to fly; -(ad)o: aviation; -isto, -ero: aviator; -ilo: flying machine (heavier than air). — DEFIRS
• avid-a avid, greedy, rapacious, craving, eager; venj- -a: vindictive; pekuni- -eso: cupidity; -e askoltar ulu: to drink in the words of someone. Ant. jeneroza. — DEFIS
• avion-o aeroplane. Def.: Aeroplano. — FS
• avionik-o avionics. — DEFIRS
• aviz-ar (tr.) to apprise, advise, give notice of (pri ulo); -o: notice, notification (generally an order or prohibition); -o-navo: advice-, dispatch-boat. Def.: donar ula praktikal informo, konsilo od impero. V. exp.: Avizo, notico: Avizo koncernas generale preskripto od interdikto. Notico esas texto instruktiva teoriale, sive en etiketo, sive en mikra libro o broshuro. Exemple, se on eniras muzeo, on trovas ye la pordo tala avizi: «La muzeo esas apertita de 10 til 16 kloki; ol esas klozita omna lundio; on ne darfas enirar kun parapluvi, bastoni, hundi» e.c. Ma enirinte, on vidas notici sub la objekti expozata, qui indikas lia autoro, tempo, origino, e.c.; on povas komprar libreti titulizita notico pri ula objekto or serio di objekti (N.B.: ne katalogo, qua implikas numeral ordino). — DFIRS
• avocet-o avocet. — EFIS
• avokad-o avocado. — DEFIRS
• «avoué» (French) attorney-at-law. — F
• ax-o (all senses) axis, axle; -ala: axial; (rot-)axo: axle (tree); manivel- -o: cranked axle; rotac- -o: axis of rotation: the line round which a body revolves; -o-boxo: a. case; -o-metro: (nav.) tell-tale (of a tiller); -o-stifto: a. bolt, pin; -arboro: horizontal shaft. — DEFIS
• axel-o (anat.) axilla: arm-pit; (bot.) axil(la). — DEFIS
• axiom-o axiom; -ala: axiomatic. — DEFIRS
• axoid-o (anat.) axis: second vertebra of neck; -ala: axoidal. — DEFIS
• axolotl-o axolotl. — DEFIRS
• axon-o axon. — DEFIRS
• axonometri-o (math.) axonometry. — DEFIS
• azale-o (bot.) azalea (genus: Azalea). — DEFIRS
• Azerbaijan Azerbaijan. — DEFIRS
• Azi-a Asia; -ana, -ano: Asian, Asiatic.
• azil-o asylum: place of refuge for poor, sick, or helpless; (fig.) any place of retreat or security; infant- -o: infant a.; -yuro: right of sanctuary; blind- -o: a. for blind. — DEFIS
• azim-a unleavened; -o, -a pano: azym: unleavened bread; (cf. oblato). — DEFIS
• azimut-o (astron. and. geodesy) azimuth; -ala busolo: a. compass. — DEFIRS
• azot-o azote: nitrogen. — EFIRS
• azur-o (color) azure, sky-blue: (pigment) smalt; -oza, -atra, -ea: a. colored; -iz-ita: azured (artificially). — DEFIRS

B

• b (mus.) ti: seventh note diatonic scale.
• ba (interj.) bah! poof! pshaw! — DEFRS
• «baba» baba: French bun, plum-cake. — DEFRS
• «Babel» (lit. and. fig.) Babel; -turmo: tower of B. — DEFIRS
• babil-ar (intr.) to babble, prattle (as infants); to chatter (as a magpie); to gossip, gabble, prate (of grown persons); -(ad)o: chit-chat, gossiping, trifling talk; -ero, -emo: babbler, tattler, chatter-box; -era, -ema: talkative, loquacious; -ajo: a matter of gossip; -acho: busy-body. — DEF
• babirus-o babirusa. — DEIRS
• babuch-o babouche: Turkish heel-less slipper. — DEFIRS
• babuin-o baboon (Cynocephalus Babuin). — DEFIRS
• bacheler-o bachelor (of a university); -eso: bachelorship, b. degree; -o pre cienco: b. of science: -o-kandidato: aspirant, candidate for the b. degree; (cf. celibulo). Def.: l’unesma (minim alta) universitatala grado. — DEFIRS
• bacil-o bacillus; -ala, -atra, -forma: bacillary, bacilliform. — DEFIRS
• Badeni-a Baden; -ano: (man) of Baden.
• badern-o (nav.) paunch-matting, chafing-mat, thrummed mat. — FIS
• badijon-ar (tr.) to badigeon; -ivo: badigeon: a cement or distemper paste of powdered stone and plaster. — EF
• badlan-o, -i (bot.) star or Chinese aniseed; -iero: badian: aniseed tree (Illicium anisatum). — DEFRS
• bagaj-o baggage, luggage; -vagono: b. car; bilieto di -o: ticket for b.; depoz-eyo di- -o: b. room; manu- -o: hand b.; -uyo: holder, boot (of a carriage); enskribeyo di -o: b. check-room; portisto di -i: b. porter. — DEFIRS
• bagatel-o bagatelle, trifle, trash, bauble; -verko: literary trifle. — DEFIS
• bagn-o bagnio: convict hulk or prison; -ano: galley-slave, -convict. — DEFIS
• Baham-a the Bahamas (islands).
• Bak-o Bacchus; -ala: Bacchic; -an-ino: bacchante; -ano: a follower of B. — DEFIRS
• bak-ar (tr.) to bake (dry heat); freshe, nove, heme -ita: fresh, newly, home baked; -o-forno: b. oven. — DE
• bakanal-o (lit. and fig.) bacchanalia: a drunken feast or revel. — DEFIRS
• bakteri-o bacterium; -ala, -atra: bacterial; -ocid-ivo: bactericide. — DEFIRS
• bakteriologi-o bacteriology; -isto: bacteriologist. — DEFIRS
• Baktri-a Bactri; -ano: Bactrian.
• bal-o ball (dance); mask- -o: masked b.; puer- -o: children’s dance; travesti- -o: fancy (dressed) ball; -chambro: ball-room; -shui: pumps; -acho: public-house dance, shindy. — DEFIRS
• balad-o ballad, ballade: epic dance and song. — DEFIRS
• balanc-o balance: scales; -o Romana: steelyard; letro- -o: letter-scale; tordo- -o: torsion b.; ponderar per -o: to weigh by a b. — DEFIRS
• balancier-o (of machines) a balancing body; fly-wheel; gimbals (of a compass). Def.: Maso (generale roto-forma) qua ocilas cirkum sua baricentro per risorto. — DEFIRS
• balas-rubin-o a balas ruby. — DEFIRS
• balast-o ballast (for railways, ships); -eyo: b. space; -izar: to b.; sen- -igar; des- -izar: to unb. — DEFRS
• balay-ar (tr.) to sweep; -ilo: a broom; -il-eto: brush; -aji: sweepings; mancho-, shafto di -ilo: broom handle; fac-isto di -ili: b. maker; strado- -isto: street-sweeper (vehicle). — F
• balbut-ar (tr., intr.) to stutter, stammer (from emotion); to lisp (as an infant); to boggle; hem and haw, to hesitate in reading and reciting; (cf. barbuliar). V. exp.: vid. stoterar. — FIS
• bald-e soon, ere long, shortly; -a: which will soon take place; til -e: (fig.) goodbye for the moment; tam -e kam: as soon as; esos -e du kloki: it is near two o’clock. Ex.: Ni venis maxim balde posible. Ni departos balde. — D
• baldakin-o baldachin: tester (of a bed); canopy (of a throne, altar, etc.); lito kun -o: bed with canopy. — DEFIRS
• baldri-o baldric, shoulder belt (for sword, etc.). — DEFI
• Balear-i Balearic (islands).
• balen-o whale; -yuno: young w.; -pesk-isto: whaler; -o-navo: w.-ship; -kanoto: w. boat; -oleo: w. oil. — FISL
• balet-o ballet; -ist-ino: b. dancer. — DEFIRS
• balif-o bailiff: a judicial functionary. — EFIS
• balis-o (nav.) sea-mark, buoy, beacon; (cf. boyo); (land) signal-pole (on R.R. or towpath); -eto: (surveyor’s) ranging rod; -izar: to buoy, erect beacons. — FS
• balist-o ballista: a war machine. — DEFIRS
• balistik-o ballistics. — DEFIRS
• balkon-o (arch.) balcony; (nav.) stern gallery (of a ship); fenestro kun -o: window with b. — DEFIRS
• baln-ar (tr.) to bath, bathe, lave; -uyo: bath (receptacle); -ala: bathing; -eyo: bathing place; -anto, -ero, -isto: bather, bath-keeper; -o-kuvo: b. tub; -o-mantelo: b. robe; -o-aquo: bath water; -o-kalsono: bathing-drawers; pedo-o: foot-b.; sedo- -o: hip-b.; mar- -o: sea-bathing; maria- -o: (chem.) water-bath; -o-chambro: b. room; -o-terapio: b. therapeutics; term-ala -i: thermal b.s. — DEFIRS
• balon-o ball or sphere filled with air; -eto: small ball (as for tennis, etc.); -o, -ego: air-balloon. V. exp.: Sfero esas la geometrial, abstraktita figuro. Bulo e globo konkreta materiala sfero. On uzas bulo precipue por la ludi (bulo di biliardo, di kegoludo), e globo precipue por la cienci (la tera globo, sive reala, sive reprezentata per kartona globo). Buleto esas uzata sive por la infantala ludo, sive en la tekniko (rulo sur buleti). Kuglo esas rezervata a la projektili di pafilo (fusili, pistoli, e.c.) qui en nia tempo ne plus esas sfera o sferatra. Kuglego esas projektilo di kanono. Balono esas globo o bulo kava, mola, plena de aero (kompresita) e konseque elastika, por ludar. Baloneto esas la Angla ‘ball’ por ludar. Balonego esas la vulgara nomo di la (sferata) aerostati (plena de gaso). On povas nomar li simple baloni, kande nula ambigueso esas posibla. — DEFIRS
• balot-ar (tr.) to elect (ulu) by second ballot, -o: second-ballot (in Europe; necessary when no candidate has obtained an absolute majority). -voto: vote by ballot. — DEFIRS
• balote-ar (intr., med. and gen.) to wabble, shake, tremble, quiver (pro). Def.: La vulgara senco di ica vorto expresas la movo ocilanta o tremanta di maso solida, ma elastika o viskoza (quale gelatino). Ex.: Lua karno baloteas pro la shoko. — FIS
• Baltik-a,-o the Baltic (sea).
• balustr-o baluster: upright support for railing. Def.: Mikra pilastro faasonita. — DEFIRS
• balustrad-o balustrade, railing, (cf. pasamano). Def.: Rango formacita ek balustri, generale horizontala. — DEFIRS
• balzam-o balsam: fragrant resin used as medicine; (fig.) balm, consolation; -ala, -oza: balsamic; balmy (odour, air, etc.); -iero: (genus) balsamodendron; -izar: to embalm (a body); -iz-ero, -isto: embalmer; pektoral -o: pectoral b.; -o di Gilead: balm of Gilead. — DEFIRS
• balzamin-o (bot) garden balsam (Impatiens balsamina). — DEFIRS
• bambu-o (bot.) bamboo. — DEFIRS
• banan-o (fruit) banana; -iero: b. tree (Musa sapientum). — DEFIRS
• band-o band (group), company, crew; (of fish) shoal; -acho: gang, clique; -o de furtisti: b. of robbers; rapt- -o: b. of brigands; haringo- -o: shoal of herrings. — DEFIRS
• bandaj-o (surg.) bandage; truss; (of a wheel) tire; -izar: to bandage; put a tire on; herniala -o: truss for rupture; menton- -o: chin-b. — DEFIRS
• bande-ar (intr. nav.) to have a list, be lopsided; -igar: to cause to list; -o: listing. — FIS
• banderol-o pennant, streamer, banderole. Def.: Bendo longa ek stofo, qua flotacas en l’aero; finas ofte per du pinti; en pikturi, portas surskriburi. — DEFIRS
• bandit-o bandit; -eso, -ismo: (state, system) banditism. — DEFIRS
• bandolier-o bandolier: cross-, shoulder-belt. Def.: Rimeno o sharpo pozita sur un shultro e suportanta ula kozo (ex. espado) sur l’altra latero, do pasanta oblique sur la korpo. — DEFIRS
• baner-o banner (as used by societies, orders); -ala fronto: (fig.) front line of battle, in battle array. Def.: Speco di rektangula insigno (en stofo) fixigita per horizontal latero a stango di sama longeso, qua pendas per du kordi de la stango per qua on portas la insigno. — DEFIS
• Bangladesh Bangladesh. — DEFIRS
• bank-o (fin.) bank; -isto: banker; -o-bilieto: b. note; -o-aciono: bank share, -stock; emiso- -o: b. of issue; -o di diskonto: discount bank. — DEFIRS
• bankrot-ar (intr.) to be (or become) bankrupt; -igar: to bankrupt: cause bankruptcy to: -o: bankruptcy; -into,-ero: a bankrupt; (cf. ne-solventa). Note: this word implies something disgraceful or criminal; cf. faliar. — DEFIRS
• banyan-o banyan (tree). — EFIRS
• baobob-o (bot.) baobab (Adansonia digitata). — DEFIRS
• bapt-ar (tr.) to baptize; -o-fili-(ul)o: godson, godchild; -o-matro: godmother; -o-patro: godfather; -o-nomo: Christian name, first name; -ala vasko, kuvo: baptismal font, tank; -eyo: baptistery, place for baptism. — EFIS
• bar-ar (tr.) to bar or stop up (a way, a door, etc.); -o-stango, -o-trabo: a bar (of wood or metal as for doors, windows); -ilo: barrier (in general); -il(o) -gardisto: gate-keeper; strado- -ilo: street barrier; (fig.) toll-gate; -ilo kontre-epidemia: sanitary cordon; turn- -ilo: turnstile, (surg.) tourniquet. — DEFIRS
• barak-o shed, hut; temporary wooden building to shelter soldiers, fishermen, etc.; booth, covered stall (in a fair); -o di jonglisto: juggler’s booth. — DEFIRS
• barakan-o barracan: a camel’s hair fabric. — DEFIRS
• barakt-ar (intr.) to struggle: strive to get away, writhe, strive (kontre); (cf. luktar). Ex.: La kaptata fisho baraktas en l’aquo. Baraktar per manui e pedi. (fig.) La sovaji ne forte baraktas kontre la morto. — R
• baratri-o (nav.) barratry. Def.: Fraudo da la kapitano o navestro kontre armatori od asekuristi. — DEFIRS
• barb-o beard: hair on the chin, lips and cheeks of men and animals; -oza: bearded; -isto: barber; -o- -pinselo: shaving brush; vango- -o: whiskers; menton- -o: chin -b.; labio- -o: mustache; blonda -o: blond b.; -o du-dia: a two-day b.; griz- -(ul)o: grey b.; kapro- -o: billy-goat b.; portar -o: to wear a b.; lanug- -o: down (on the face); -o nivatra, nivea: a snow-white b.; sen- -a: beardless. — DEFIRS
• Barbados Barbados.
• barbakan-o (arch.) barbican; loop-hole; escape-hole (in retaining wall for water). — DEFIS
• barbar-a, -o barbarian; -atra: barbarous; in a b. manner; -eso: (state) barbarism; -ismo: (linguistic) barbarism; -igar: to barbarize. — DEFIRS
• barbel-o (ich.) barbel (Barbus). — DEFIRS
• barbot-ar (intr.) to dabble, paddle, splash, flounder about (in mud or water). — FIS
• barbuli-ar (tr.) to sputter, splutter, mumble;(cf. balbutar). Def.: Parolar tro rapide e konseque neklare e konfuze, nekompreneble. — FIS
• bard-o bard (poet). — DEFIS
• bardan-o (bot.) burdock (Lappa). — FIS
• barej-o (fabrik) barege; silka -o: grenadine (fabric). — DEFIRS
• barel-o barrel, cask; -eto: small keg; -ego: hogshead, tun; -ifar: to cooper; en- -igar: to barrel (ulo); vendar -ope: to sell by the b.; cherpar de la -o: to draw off from the b.; fish- -o: fish-b.; -o-boko: bung (-hole); -o-robineto: faucet, tap of a b.; vin- -o: barrel for wine; -o de vino: b. of wine. — DEFIS
• bari-o (chem.) barium. — DEFIS
• baricentr-o center of gravity. — FIS
• barikad-o barricade; inkluzar su per -o: to b. oneself; obstruktar per -o, -e klozar, -izar: to b. — DEFIRS
• barit-o (chem.) baryta. — DEFIRS
• bariton-o baritone; -voco: b. voice. — DEFIRS
• bark-o bark: small boat as wherry, punt, skiff. Def.: Mikra kanoto senmasta, movanta per remili, e ne generale uzata in maral aqui; (mitol.) la paromo di C(h)aron en la rivero Styx. — DEFIRS
• barkarol-o barcarolle: (Venetian) boat song. — DEFIRS
• barkas-o long-boat, launch (of a war-ship). — DFIRS
• baro-flux-o bore, eger, eddy-tide. Def.: Granda mar-ondo avane precipitanta, qua avancas ad-monte en ula estuarii.
• barograf-o barograph. — DEFIRS
• barok-a odd, queer-looking, uncouth, baroque, bizarre; ill-shaped, distorted (of pearls); -eso: oddness; -ajo: an oddity. Def.: Qua havas aspekto nereguloza o stranja (ex. perlo, stilo). — DEFIS
• barometr-o barometer. — DEFIRS
• baron-o baron or baroness; -ino: baroness; -ulo: baron; -eso: (rank, dignity) barony; -aro: (collect.) baronage; -io: (domain) barony. — DEFIRS
• baroskop-o baroscope. — DEFIRS
• barsh-o (ich.) umbrina. — DFI
• bart-o whalebone; -izar: to stiffen, fit with w. — D
• bas-a (of dimensions, also pressure, sound) low (cf. alta); -igar: to make low: shorten the height of (cf. abasar); to lower (in tone, in pressure); -e: below (cf. infre); -o, -ajo, -parto: the lowers part; (mus.) bass; -eskar: to decline, wane, begin to droop, drop; spekular pri la bas-igo: (fin.) to bear stocks, speculate for a fall; -ig-isto: (fin.) bear operator; -voco: bass (voice); -reliefo: bass-relief; -voco infra: counter-bass; -ranga, -origina, -klasa: lowly, humble; -Germana: low German (dialect). V. exp.: vid. alta. Ant.: alta.
• basament-o (arch.) basement. V. exp.: Ne konfunenda kun fundamento: basamento esas l’infra parto (bazo) videbla di edifico, qua jacas sur la fundamento. — DEFIS
• basen-o (dock, river, water-works) basin; (geog.) valley, hollow; (dish) deep, wide pan; balno- -o: wash-b.; fish- -o: fish-pond; pulver- -o: pan (of a flint-lock). — DEFIRS
• bask-o flap, skirt, tail (of a garment); -o-robo: (garment) basquine. — EFS
• basketbal-o basketball. Def.: Sporto en qua du kin-homa esquadi esforcas lansar balono per la manui aden l’adversa *goluyo, olim korbo, nun reto kun apertita fundo e pendanta de metala ringo ye singla extremajo dil agro — DEFR
• baskul-ar (intr.) to see-saw: sway up and down; -igar: to make s.s., to rock back and forward; -ilo: a see-saw; swing (for play); rocker (of a chiar); sweep (of a well); (tech.) rocking lever; -charioto, -veturo: dump-cart; tumbril-cart (for the condemned); -stulo: rocking chair; lev-ponto kun -ilo: draw-bridge with plyer, bascule bridge. Def.: Baskulilo en teknikal mekaniko esas levero, qua ne ocilas spontane (pro sua propra pezo), ma falas de un pozeso ad altra, sub influo di pezo o forco e ne rivenas a l’antea pozeso se altra (kontrea) pezo o forco ne agas. — DEFS
• bason-o (mus. instr.) bassoon. — DEFIS
• basot-o dachshund, basset-hound. Def.: Hundo karakterizata da gambi tre kurta e tordita. — EFIS
• bast-o (bot.) bast, fiber: inner fibrous bark. — DE
• bastard-a, -o bastard, illegitimate (of children); mongrel (of animals); hybrid (of animals, plants, etc.). — DEFIRS
• basting-o (nav.) quarter-netting, waist-cloth; -izar: to rig the boarding-nettings. — FI
• bastion-o (fort.) bastion. — DEFIRS
• baston-o stick, staff, cane, cudgel; -eto: baton; -agar, -batar: to cudgel, cane; -ago, -bato: beating, bastinade; -skerm-isto: cudgel-player; biliard- -o: billiard cue; espad- -o: sword-cane; komando- -o: staff, baton of command; pesko- -o: fishing pole; tambur- -o: drum-stick; -ifar: to make sticks, canes. — DEFIRS
• bat-ar (tr.) to beat: strike repeatedly (ulu, ulo); -(ad)o: beating, striking, drubbing; -anto, -ero, -emo: beater (person); -ilo: beater (instr.); -ita: beaten; (dispute) inter-batar, batar reciproke: fight, quarrel, exchange of blows; -ar la pedo: to beat (the soles of) the feet; -ar per vergo: to strike with a ferule; -ar sur la glutei: to beat on the buttocks; -ar per l’ali: to beat the wings; pulso -o: beat of the pulse. V, exp. Frapar, batar: Frapar esas la plu general termino: ol aplikesas ad omna shoko, korpala o mentala: ‘Me frapas me kontre la muro; on frapis la pordo; to frapis mea okuli, mea atenco, mea spirito’. Batar esas donar ad ulu od ulo plura frapi sucedante, generale per utensilo: ad ulu, por dolorigar lu; ad ulo por netigar ol (batar sidili, tapisi). Bato esas do esence volata e duranta ago, sempre korpala. — DEFIS
• batali-ar (intr.) to (give) battle; -o: battle (between armies); -agro: battlefield; (cf. kombatar, militar). — DEFIRS
• batalion-o (milit.) battalion, — DEFIRS
• batel-o launch, barge, lighter; boat(s) (in general); -eto: small boat, skiff; -edo: boatful; -isto: boatman; -estro: boat-captain; -ponto: bridge of b.s; drag- -o: dredger; exkurs- -o: excursion b.; fish- -o: fishing b.; kanal- -o: canal-b.; karbon- -o: coal-b.; -o de karbono: boat filled with coal; pilot- -o: pilot-b.; rem- -o: row-boat; seglo- -o: sail-b. Def.: General nomo donita ad omnaspeca naveti, ma precipue a naveti di pasable granda dimensioni, quale gabari, e.c. — DFIS
• bateri-o (milit., elec.) battery. — DEFIRS
• batik-o batik, battik (method). — DEFIRS
• batist-o battiste: cambric; -a naztuko: c. pocket-handkerchief. — DEFIRS
• batrak-o (zool.) batrachian. — DEFIS
• bav-ar (intr.) to slobber, drool, slaver; -o-tuko: bib. V. exp.: Bavar esas lasar fluar la salivo ek la boko. Do bavajo esas nur salivo ekfluanta (on povas anke bavar snago, e.c.). — FIS
• Bavari-a Bavaria; -ano: Bavarian.
• bay-o bay (cf. golfo). — DEFIRS
• bayader-o bayadere: East-Indian dancing-girl. — DEFIRS
• bayonet-o bayonet; espado- -o: sword-b.; prizentar la -o: to bring the b. to a charge; -agar: to b. (ulu), to use the b.; skermar per la -o: to fence with the b. — DEFIRS
• baz-o base: lowest part of anything, foundation, bottom, foot; (fig.) basis, foundation, grounds; (chem.) base; -ala, -atra: basal, basic; -ajo: something which is basic; basement; -lineo: (math.) base-line; arko- -o: springing (of an arch); sen- -a: baseless; -o-krusto: (cook.) under crust; Ex.: La bazo di monto, di piedestalo, di triangulo, di sistemo, di yusteso, di metalo. — DEFIRS
• bazalt-o (geol.) basalt. — DEFIRS
• bazar-o baza(a)r. — DEFIRS
• bazil-o (bot.) sweet-basil (Ocimum basilicum). — DEFIRS
• bazilik-o (arch.) basilica. — DEFIRS
• bazilik-veino (anat.) basilic vein. — DEF
• bazilisk-o (myth., zool.) basilisk. — DEFI
• be-ar (intr.) to open the mouth, to gape (fig.) to yawn; spektadar -ante: to look gapingly. Def.: Apertar la boko, anke en figurala senco ‘beanta truo’. — F
• beat-a blissful, blessed; (iron.) sanctimonious; -eso: (state) bliss; (rel.) beatitude. — DEFIRSL
• beatifik-ar (tr., Cath., rel.) to beatify. — DEFIRS
• bebe-o baby. Def.: Tre yuna infanto — DEFIS
• bechik-a (med.) bechic, pectoral: cough relieving. — EFIS
• bed-o (agri., hort.) bed; floro- -o: flower-b.; sterko- -o: hot bed, forcing-bed; gazon- -o: grass--plot. — DE
• bedel-o beadle: apparitor; usher. Def.: La nomo di ta qua preiras o sequas la procesioni (generale religiala). — DEFIRS
• Beduin-o a Bedouin. — DEFIRS
• begin-o beguine: a kind of nun in the Netherlands; -kofio: b. cap. — DEFIRS
• begoni-o (bot.) begonia. — DEFIRS
• bej-a beige. Def.: Sablo-kolora. — DEFIS
• bek-o beak: bill of a bird; (tech.) beak, spout (of a vessel); -edo: a beakful; -agar, -pikar: to peck (at); -agado: pecking; -agar reciproke: to peck at each other; -forma: beak formed; en- -igar, -nutrar: to feed (young birds, etc.). — EFIS
• bekafik-o (orni.) beccafico, garden warbler, fig-eater (Sylvia hortensis). — DEFIS
• bekas-o (orni.) woodcock (Scolopax rusticola); -eto: snipe (Scolopax gallinula). — DEFIRS
• bel-a beautiful, fine, handsome; -eta, -ata: pretty, rather handsome; -(ul)o: a handsome person; -ete: prettily; -ino: a belle; -ajo: a b. object; -eso: (quality) beauty; -et- -eso: prettiness; -acho: fop, cox-comb, insipid beauty; -igar: to beautify, embellish; -eskar: to become, grow b.; -a stroko: a lucky, fine stroke, hit or happening; lo bela: The Beautiful. Ant.: leda
• beladon-o (bot., med.) belladonna (Atropa belladona). — DEFIRS
• belemnit-o (fossil.) belemnite. — DEFIRS
• Belg-a Belgian; -o: Belgian; -ia: Belgium.
• Belize Belize. — DEFIRS
• Beludjistan Baluchistan.
• Beludjo a Baluch.
• belveder-o (arch.) belvedere. — DEFIR
• bemol-o (mus.) flat. (♭) — FIRS
• bend-o bank: long, narrow piece of cloth, paper, metal, etc., strip, stripe, streak; fillet (for head), (hat) band; -izar: to bind up, place a band on; sen- -igar: to take off the band, unband; agro- -o: a strip of field; bordo- -o: piping, welt (of cloth); ledro- -o: strip, slip, band of leather; plat- -o: (arch.) platband; -o-segilo: b. saw; (cf. strio). Def.: Surfaco limitizita per du linei paralela. Ex. La standardo di Usa kontenas bendi (alterne reda, blanka), ne strii. — DEFIRS
• «benedicite» grace (before meals). — DFIS
• benedik-ar (tr.) to bless, pronounce a benediction on. — DEFIS
• benediktan-o Benedictine (monk or nun); kuvento di -i: B. convent. — DEFIRS
• benefic-o (eccl.) benefice, living; reprezento- -o: (theat.) benefit performance (where the proceeds are given to some particular person or purpose); -iero: beneficiary: holder of a benfice; recipient of the profits from a benefit performance. — DEFIRS
• Bengal Begal; -ano: Bengalese.
• Bengal-ucel-o (orni.) Bengal finch.
• benign-a benign: kind, morally good; mild (of medicines, diseases). — DEFIS
• Benin Benin. — DEFIRS
• benk-o bench, long seat, settle, form; (in boats) thwart; -o-veturo: wagonette: wagon with long sets. Def.: Sidilo longa (ligna ex.) kun o sen dors-apogilo. — DEFIRS
• benzen-o benzene. — EFIS
• benzin-o benzine, benzene; -motoro: b. motor. — DEFIRS
• benzo-o (bot.) benzoin; resin from the tree Styrax benzoin. — DEFIRS
• benzoat-o benzoate (a salt); -acido: aenzoic acid. — DEF
• benzol-o benzol(e). — DEFIRS
• Beoti-a Boeotia; -ano: Boeotian.
• bequadr-o (mus.) natural. — FIRS
• ber-o berry; -atra: bacciform, berry-like; -port-anta, -if-anta: bacciferous, berry producing; vit- -o: grape; sika vit- -o: raisin; frangul- -o: alder-berry; muskat- -o: muscatel grapes. — DE
• Berber-a Berber; -o: Berber; -ia: Barbary; -iano: Berber; -iala: of, relating to Barbary.
• berberis-o (bot.) barberry, berberry, (fruit); -iero: b. bush (Berberis vulgaris). — DEFIRS
• bered-o beret: round, flat cap such as worn by Basque peasants. — DEFIR
• berenjen-o (bot.) aubergine, mad-apple, egg-plant (Solanum Melongene). — FS
• bergamot-o, -oranjo bergamot pear, -orange; -iero: b. tree; (Citrus Bargamia, Bergamota); -esenco: essence of b. — DEFIRS
• beril-o (min) beryl. — DEFIRS
• berjer-o cushioned arm-chair. — DFR
• berkeli-o berkelium. — DEFIRS
• berlin-o berlin: a kind of coach. — DEFIRS
• berlok-o trinket, charm (such as attached to watch chains). — DFIR
• berm-o (fort. and gen.) berme: narrow shelf. Def.: Parto horizontal en taluso. — DEFRS
• Bermud-i the Bermudas (islands).
• bernakl-o (orni.) bernicle-goose (Branta bernicla). — DEFIS
• bers-ar (tr.) to rock (a child); -(ant)e dormigar: to lull to sleep; -ilo: cradle; -o-kanto: lullaby, cradle-song. — F
• bes (mus.) B flat.
• Besarabi-a Bessarabia.
• besti-o beast, any animal except man, (cf. animalo, bruto) -ala, -atra: bestial; -al-eso: bestiality (cf. brut-al-eso); -aro: fauna, beasts (collect.); -ala debocho: bestial debauchery; kargo- -o: b. of burden; tir- -o: draught animal; -o-edukado: rearing of animals; -o-kapt-isto: trapper; -o-kulto: zoolatry, animal worship; -o-trupo: herd, drove, flock. — DEFIRS
• bestiari-o (rom. antiq.) bestiarius: person doomed to fight with wild beasts. — DEFIR
• bet-o (bot.) beet (genus: Beta); (cf. betravo). — DEFIS
• betel-o betel (Piper betle); -ajo: betel: a masticatory. — DEFIRS
• beton-o beton: concrete; -izar: to cover with c.; -(iz)ajo: object covered with c.; -o fer-izita: reinforced c.; -a masonuro: c. masonry. — DEFIRS
• betoni-o (bot.) betony (Betonica officinalis). — DEFIS
• betrav-o beetroot, beet (edible: Beta Rapa); (cf. beto). — FS
• bezig-o bezique; a card game. — DEFIS
• bezoar-o bezoar. — DEFR
• bezon-ar (tr.) to need; be in want of something necessary; -o: need; -ata: needed, wanted; ne plus -ar: to have no further need of, use for; -ar dormar: to need to sleep; en kazo di -o: in case of n.: if n. be, if needful; ocito-, rido- -o: to have an inclination to yawn, laugh; sen- -a: unneeded; -ar pekunio: to n. money; la bezoni publika: the public necessities (or requirements); la -i korpala: the bodily needs; la -i di la anmo: the needs of the soul; (cf. indijar, mankar). — FI
• bi- two-. Used in scientific terms, as: bi-kapa, bicephalous; bi-loba, bilobate. The numeral du can be used to express the same idea: du-kapa, two-headed, bicephalous.
• bibl-o Bible; -ala: Biblical; -o-citajo: passage from the B.; -experta: versed in the B. — DEFIRS
• bibliofil-o bibliophile: book-lover. — DEFIRS
• bibliografi-o bibliography; -isto: bibliographer. — DEFIRS
• bibliomani-o bibliomania; -iko: bibliomaniac. — DEFIRS
• bibliotek-o (ediface) library; (furniture) book-case; (cf. libr-aro); -isto: librarian; -o publika: public l.; -o vitrizita: glassed book-case; planko di -o: book shelf. — DEFIRS
• biceps-o (anat.) biceps. — DEFIS
• bicikl-o bicycle; -ego: a large b.; the old-fashioned, high b.; -isto, -ero: cyclist; viral-, mulieral- -o: a man’s. a woman’s b.; -irar: to bicycle. — DEFIRS
• bi-denta (anat.) bidentate; two-toothed.
• bidet-o (furniture) bidet; a kind of Sitz bath. — DEFIRS
• bidon-o can (for oil etc.) (milit.) canteen. Def.: Ladovazo klozita por oleo, petrolo, benzino, e.c. qua kontenas de un til 10 litri; gurdatra kontenilo ek lado, quan la soldato portas. — FIRS
• biel-o (mach.) connecting-, side-rod; kuplo- -o: coupling-rod; -kapo: cross-head. Def.: Stango qua ligas un peco ad altra, generale, stango di pistono a manivelo, e transformas movo rektolinea a movo rotaca. — FIS
• bifstek-o beefsteak. — DEFIRS
• bifurk-ar (tr. intr.) to bifurcate, branch off (from), fork (ek, kun) -o, -eyo: bifurcation, crotch (of a tree); -ilo: (R.R.) point, switch; -o-stationo: R. R. junction; -eyo, -o-voyo: junction of two roads; -anta: forked. — DEFIS
• bigam-a bigamous; -eso: bigamy; -(ul)o: bigamist. — DEFIRS
• bigot-a bigoted; -(ul)o: a b.; -eso: bigotry; -esar: to be b. — DEFI
• bi-kap-a bicephalous; two-headed.
• bi-kolor-a bi-colored.
• bi-konkav-a bi-concave.
• bi-korn-a bi-cornous: two horned; -a chapelo: bicornered hat.
• bi-kotiledon-o, -a dicotyledon(ous).
• bikursal-a (math.) bicursal. — DEFI
• bikuspid-a (dento) bicuspid. — DEFIS
• bil-o bile, gall (fluid); -ala vaskuli: b. ducts; -o-veziko: gall-bladder; -oza: bilious; -kalkolo: gallstone. — DEFIS
• bilanc-o (com. fin.) balance, balance-sheet; facar- -o di: to b., draw a b. of (an account). — DEFIRS
• bi-later-a bi-lateral.
• bilg-o (nav.) bilge, lower part of a hold, well. — DE
• biliard-o (game) billiards; -eyo: b. hall or room; -o-bastono: b. cue; -o-tablo: b. table; -o-bulo: b. ball. — DEFIRS
• biliet-o a written order or ticket; banko- -o: bank-note; teatro- -o: theater ticket; fervoyala -o: railway-ticket; -o kun retro-veno: return trip ticket; komercala -i: commercial paper: notes in hand, promissory notes, bills of exchange; lojo- -o: (milit.) official requisition on a person for lodging; lojio- -o: box ticket (theater); gratuita -o: free-pass; kontrol- -o: check (theater). — DEFIRS
• bi-lingu-a bilingual.
• bilion-o billion: a million millions: (1,000,000,000,000) N. B. not as in U.S.: a thousand millions. — DEFIRS
• bilkoket-o cup and ball (used in a game). — DFIR
• bi-lob-a (bot.) bilobate.
• bi-lorn-eto opera-glass, (double) field-glass.
• bi-manu-a (zool.) bimanous; bimanual.
• bi-metal-ismo bimetalism; -a, -ala: bimetallic.
• binar-a (math., mus., chem.) binary. — DEFIS
• bind-ar (tr.) to bind (books); -(ad)o: binding (act); -uro: binding (result); -isto: book-binder; ne- -ita: unbound; karton- -ar: to bind in boards; ledro- -uro: leather binding. — DE
• binet-o (garden-) hoe; -agar: to hoe. — FS
• binokl-o double eye-glass; -(if)isto: eye-glass maker, optician; naz- -o: nose-glasses; orel- -o: spectacles; manu- -o: glasses with handle; etuyo di -o: case for eye-glasses. Def.: Du okulvitri solidara. — DEFIRS
• binokular-a (opt.) binocular. — DEFIRS
• binomi-o, -ala (math.) binomial. — DEFIRS
• biodinamik-o biodynamics. — DEFIRS
• biofizik-o biophysics. — DEFIRS
• biogenez-o biogenesis. — DE
• biografi-o biography; -ala: biographical; -ero, -isto: biographer. — DEFIRS
• biokemi-o biochemistry. — DEFIRS
• biologi-o biology; -isto: biologist. — DEFIRS
• biomas-o biomass. — DEFIRS
• bionik-o bionics. — DEFIRS
• biopsi-o biopsy. — DEFIRS
• bioritm-o biorhythm. — DEFIRS
• biosfer-o biosphere. — DEFIRS
• bioteknologi-o biotechnology. — DEFIRS
• bi-ped-a, -o biped.
• bi-plan-o (aeron.) biplane.
• bi-punto (print.) colon.
• bi-quadrat-a (math.) biquadratic.
• bir-o beer; -ifar: to brew; -if-erio: brewery; -if-isto: brewer; -(vend)-erio: beer selling establ.; -o-glaso: beer glass; glaso de -o: a glass of beer. — DEFI
• bi-refrakt-ar (intr.) to be birefracting, birefringent.
• birem-o bireme. — DEFIRS
• biret-o biretta: R. C. ecclesiastic square cap; kardinal- -o: cardinal’s b. — DEFIRS
• birk-o birch-tree (genus: Betula); -o-ligno: b. wood. — DE
• bis-o (fabric, zool., bot.) byssus. — DEFIRS
• bis twice, (in theaters) encore! repeat! klamar bis: to encore; (repetition of numbers); No. 3 bis: No. 3 twice or again; bis: (mus.) B sharp. — DFIRS
• bi-sak-o (beggar’s) double-wallet, -pouch.
• bi-sek-ar (tr.) to bisect (geom.)
• bisextil-a bisextile; -a yaro: leap-year. — DEFIS
• bi-sexu-a bisexual.
• bi-sid-ilo seat for two persons, small sofa.
• bi-silab-a dissyllabic.
• bisk-o bisk (soup). — DEF
• Biskay-a Biscay.
• biskot-o rusk, zwieback. Def.: Loncho de pano rostita o grilita. — FIS
• bismut-o bismuth. — DEFIRS
• bisquit-o (U. S.) cracker; (England) biscuit; -if-erio: cracker bakery; -o navala: hardtack. — DEFIRS
• bistr-a, -o bistre: a dark-brown pigment. — DEFR
• bisturi-o (surg.) bistoury. — DEFIRS
• bisulfat-o bisulphate. — DEFIRS
• bisulfit-o bisuphite. — DEFIRS
• bit-o bit (binary digit). — DEFIRS
• bit-o (nav.) bitt. — DEFIRS
• Bitini-a Bithinia.
• bitr-a (lit. and fig.) bitter: hot and acid; sharp, poignant; biting; acrimonious; -eso: bitterness; -ajo: a b. thing; -igar: to make (ulo) bitter; (fig.) to embitter; absinto esas -a: absinth (wormwood) is bitter; -e plorar: to cry bitterly; reprocho -a: sharp, severe reproach; -a mandeli bitter almonds; -a quale bilo: a b. as gall. Ant. sukra, dolc-ega. — DE
• bitum-o bitumen; (cf. asfalto). — DEFIRS
• bivak-ar (intr.) to bivouac; -eyo: a b. (place). V. exp.: Bivakar esas kampar sen tendi, sub la cielo (generale cirkum fairi), nun por un nokto. — DEFIRS
• bi-valv-a, -o bivalve.
• bizanc-ala, -atra, -ana diletante (in discussion); -ano: quibbler. Def.: Qua prizas perdar sua tempo en diskutar subtilaji neutila. — F
• bizantin-a (fig.) Byzantine. — DEFIRS
• bizar-a bizarre. — DEFI
• bizel-o (carp.) beveled-edge, feather-edge, chamfer; -izar: to bevel; -izita: beveled; -izo, -uro: beveling; -iz-ilo: a bevel. Def.: Bordo (di planko, cizelilo, e.c.) tranchita oblique. — FS
• bizon-o (zool.) bison (Bos americanus). — DEFIRS
• blam-ar (tr.) to blame, find fault with, reprobate, disapprove the actions or conduct of (ulo, pri, pro). V. exp.: vid. reprochar Ant.: laudar. — DEFIS
• blank-a white; (fig.) blank: not written or printed on (page, etc.); Blanka Monto: Mont Blanc; -o, -ulo, -ino: a white person; -eso: whiteness; -ajo: a white object; -atra: whitish; -igar: to whiten, to bleach (clothes): -eskar: to become or turn white; -e vestizita: dressed in white; -a signaturo: signature in blank; -a-hara: white haired; Ant.: nigra. — DEFIRS
• blasfem-ar (tr.) to blaspheme, swear; (cf. maledikar); -o: blasphemy, oath. — DEFIS
• blastem-o (biol.) blastema. — DEF
• blat-o cockroach (Blatta.) — DFI
• blaz-ar (tr.) to blunt, pall, cloy, sicken (ulu, pri ulo); -esar: to be palled, surfeited; ecesi -as la gusto: excesses pall the taste; forta liquori -as la palato: strong liquors blunt the sensibilities of the palate; il blazesis da la kustumo di indulgo: habitual indulgence made him blase. — DEF
• blazon-o blazon: coat of arms, armorial bearing; -arto: heraldry; -ala: heraldic; -libro: book of hearaldry; -izar: to put armorial bearings on; interpretar -o: to explain a blazon. — DEFIS
• blend-o (min.) blende: sulphuret of zinc. — DEFIRS
• blez-ar (tr.) to lisp. Def.: Pronuncar s quale th angla o c hispana (t. e. kun la lango-pinto inter la denti). — FI
• blind-a blind, sightless; (fig.) deluded; ignorant; -o, -ulo, -ino: a b. person; -eso, -igo, -esko: blindness; -e, -atre: blindly; -igar: to cause blindness to; -esar: to be b.; -eskar: to become b.; -a entuziasmo: b. enthusiasm; -a obediemeso: implicit obedience; -o-ludo: blindman’s buff. — DE
• blog-o blog. Def.: Situo che Interreto, ordinare kreita ed aktualigata da nur un persono, kontenanta artikli, komenti, raporti, edc, ofte anke imaji e *video-dokumenti, ordinare montrata segun inversa kronologial ordino — DEFIRS
• blok-o block, lump (of wood, stone, iron, etc.); -e: in bulk, in the lump; -ala exkluzo: (sociol.) lock-out; ligna -o: wooden block; komprar, vendar -e: to buy, sell in the lump; -o-veturo: truck (for heavy loads). Def.: La toto di korpo; una amaso granda e pezoza. — DEFIRS
• blokhaus-o (milit.) blockhouse. — DEF
• blokus-ar (tr.) to blockade (a port), to invest (a town); -eso, -stando: state of b.; des- -ar: to raise a b. of — DEFIRS
• blond-a blond, fair-colored; -acha: ‘peroxide blond’. — DEFIRS
• blotis-ar (intr.) to lie close to the ground, crouch, cower; (cf. squatar). Ex.: Blotisar en angulo; blotisar dop hego o pordo. — F
• blu-a blue; -o: b. (the color); -eso: blueness (quality); -ema, -atra: bluish; -ajo: something b.; -igar, -eskar, -esar: to make, become, be b.; -et-igar: to b. (linen); azur- -a: azure b.; -ciel- -a: sky-b. — DEFI
• blut-ar (tr.) to bolt, sift (flour, meal); -ilo: sifter. — F
• bluz-o blouse (as worn by workers, painters); smock (peasant’s). — DEFIRS
• bo- indicates relationship by marriage, as bo-patro, father-in-law; bo-fratino, sister-in-law.
• boa-o (zool.) boa constrictor. — DEFIRS
• boa-furo boa: a fur comforter.
• bobin-o bobbin (for winding thread), spool; (cf. spul-ilo). — DEFRS
• bodruch-o goad-beater’s skin. — F
• bo-fili-ino daughter-in-law; -ulo: son-in-law.
• bo-frat-ulo brother-in-law.
• bogi-o bogie-frame, -truck. Def.: Ensemblo di quar (o du) roti qui formacas vagoneto e surportas l’extremajo di vagono o di lokomotivo. — DEFS
• Bohemi-a Bohemia; -ano: Bohemian.
• boikot-ar (tr.) to boycott. — DEFIRS
• bok-o (anat.) mouth; orifice, opening, entrance (of a utensil, implement, volcano, harbor, etc.); -edo: mouthful; -o sent-ema: a tender m.; -o-peko: m. piece (of musical instruments, etc.); -o-stop-ar: to gag; -o-stop-ilo: a gag; dopa -o: back of m.; -o-tuko: napkin; -o-bruiso: mouth noise (in eating); -o-tuko-ringo: napkin-ring; -o di fus-ilo: the m. of a gun. — FIS
• bokal-o glass-jar. Def.: Vazo cilindra o cilindratra, ek vitro, sen pedo, kun plato fundo el larja boko, uzata precipue en kemio, farmacio (e por konfituri). — DFIRS
• bol-o bowl; -edo: b. full. — DEFS
• «bolero» bolero: a Spanish dance. — DEFIRS
• bolet-o (bot.) boletus; -o manjebla: esculent b. — DEFIS
• boli-ar (intr.) to boil: be in a state of ebullition (cf. ebuliar); -igar: to boil (ulo); -o-karno: boiling-beef; -o-poto: kettle; -o-tubo: boiler-tube: -o-varma: boiling hot; ante -ar l’aquo murmuras: the water sings before boiling; -o-punto: boiling point. — EFIS
• bolid-o (astr.) bolide: brilliant meteor. — DEFIRS
• Bolivi-a Boliva; -ano: Bolivian.
• bolt-o bolt: long iron-pin; -agar: (tr.) to bolt (ulo); -ifar: to make b.s.; -izar: to put a b. on. — DER
• bo-matr-o mother-in-law.
• bomb-o bomb (-shell); -if-isto: b. maker; -espruva: b.-proof. — DEFIRS
• bombard-ar (tr., milit.) to bombard; -ilo: bombarding instrument, as a mortar (cf. obus-kanono); -o-galioto: b.-ketch. — DEFIRS
• bombicil-o waxwing.
• bombinator-o orange-speckled toad (Bombinator igneus). — FSL
• bon-a good; -e: well; -ega: exquisite, excellent; -o, -ulo, -ino: a g. person; -eso: goodness; -acha: silly, simple; -ajo: a g. thing; -igar: to make (ulu, ulo) g.; plu- -igar: to better; -eskar: to become, grow g. or better; -igo, -esko: betterment, improvement; -a stando: (state of) well-being; lo bona: The Good (abstract); maxim -a posible: as g. as possible; -anma: g. souled, g. natured, gentle; -a Deo: good God; bon-facar: (intr.) to do g., be a benefactor; (tr.) to do good to (ulu); bon-faco: benefaction, good-office, benefit, favor; bon-fac-anto, -ero: benefactor; bon-facem-eso: beneficence; bon-fac-anta, -era, -ema: beneficient, beneficial; bon-humor-a: genial, good-tempered (fig.) jolly, playful, sprightly; dicar o dezirar bon-jorno: to wish good-day, good-morning (ad ulu); bon-odor-ar: (intr.) to smell sweet or nice; bon-odor-izar: to perfume, scent; bon-semblanta: well seeming, specious; bon-ven-o, -anta, -oza: welcome; bon-viv-anto: bon-vivant, high-liver; bon-volar: (intr.) to be kindly disposed, (tr.) to wish well to (ulu); bon-volo: benevolence, good-will. Ant.: mala. — DEFIRSL
• bonbon-o bonbon: confection, sweet-meat. — DEFIRS
• bonet-o rimless cap; bonnet (for woman or child); nokto- -o: night-cap; navano- -o: sailor’s cap. Def.: Kapvesto mola, senborda. — EFIS
• boniment-ar (intr.) to make a mountebank’s speech, claptrap speech. Def.: Bonimento: diskurso fanfaronema, quan facas la sharlatani e feriala aktori por laudar sua vari od aktraktar la publiko. Bonimentar: facar bonimento. — F
• bonz-o bonze: Buddhist priest. — DEFIRS
• bo-parent-o wife’s or husband’s relative; -eso: relationship by marriage.
• bo-patr-o father-in-law.
• bor-ar (tr.) to bore, pierce (with a turning instrument); -(ad)o: boring (act); -uro: bore (result); -ilo: borer, drill; -il-eto: gimlet. Def.: Truifar kun rotaco (vid. perforar). Bor-ilo esas portata e movata da drilo (vid. drilo). — DER
• borach-o (bot.) borage (Borago). — DEFIRS
• borax-o (chem.) borax. — DEFIRS
• borborigm-o (med.) borborygm: rumbling of water or wind in the stomach. — DEFIS
• bord-o border, margin, brink, edge, brim, (ship’s) side; -izar: to edge, hem, border (ulo); -umo: trimming, edging, piping, selvedge, (of clothing); -iz-uro: (of ships) planking, sheathing; -o an -o: alongside, edge to edge; reze la bordo: full to the brim; super la -o: over the edge; -o-petro: curb stone. — DEFIRS
• borde-ar (intr., nav.) to tack (ship), beat to windward. Def.: Avanirar (navo) zigzage kontre la vento. — FIS
• bore-o (poet.) boreas, north-wind; -ala: boreal. Def.: Mitologiala nomo di la nordvento, de qua venas boreala. — DEFIRS
• borgez-o bourgeois: a member of the commercial or middle class, townsman, tradesman; -aro: bourgeoisie (collect.); -eso: (quality) bourgeois; -ala: b. (adj.); -igar: to make into a b.; -eskar: to become a b. — DEFIRS
• born-o terminal (electrical). — FS
• Borne-o Borneo.
• boron-o (chem.) boron. — DEFIRS
• bors-o bourse: stock-exchange; -agento: stock-broker; -o-kurso: b. quotations, market-price; -o-krako: b. panic. — DEFIRS
• bosaj-o (arch.) bossage, boss-work. — DEFI
• bosel-ar (tr., tech.) to emboss, chase (plate, leather). Def.: Formacar reliefi en metalo per martelago (de interne). — DEF
• bosk-o a small wood; -eto: grove, coppice, bosk; -ala, -oza: woody, bosky; -o-bat(ad)o: battue; hunt, beat; querk- -o: a wood of oaks. — DEFIS
• Bosni-a Bosnia; -ano: Bosnian.
• boston-o (card-game, dance) boston. — DEFIRS
• bot-o boot (long, as for riding); -eto: shoe; half-b. (cf. shuo); -izar: to put, pull on boots; -ifar: to make b.s; -vend-erio: b.-selling establ.; -form-iz-ilo: b. tree, -last; -des-met-ilo, bot-tir-ilo: b.jack; laco- -eto: laced shoe; laco di -o: boot-lace; paro de -i: a pair of b.s. Def.: Boto kontenas la gambo, e boteto kontenas l’infra gambo. — EFRS
• botanik-o botany; -ala gardeno: botanical garden; -isto: botanist. — DEFIRS
• botaniz-ar (intr.) to botanize, herborize. Def.: Kolektar por la botanikal studio (ne praktikar o studiar la botaniko). — DEFIRS
• botel-o bottle; -eto: small b. (for drugs, etc.); -ego (grosa): carboy; -fak-aro: bottle-rack; (fg.) wine-bin. V. exp.: Flakono esas mikra botelo, kun stopilo generale vitra o metala. Fialo esas mem min granda, kun streta kolo (boko), quale on uzas precipue por farmacial liquidi. — DEFIRS
• Botswan-a Botswana. — DEFIRS
• botulism-o botulism. — DEFIRS
• bov-o a beef; bull, cow, ox; -ulo: bull, ox; -ino: cow; -yuno: calf; -yun-ino: heifer; -karno: beef, meat; -eyo, -stablo: cattle stall or stable; -gardisto, -duktisto: cowherd, drover; -ala: bovine; -o-feko: cow-dung; -o-lumbo: sirloin; laktifanta, lakto- -ino: milch-cow. — EFIS
• box-ar (tr.) to box; -anto, -ero: boxer; -isto: pugilist; -uro: boxing-blow; -o-gant-(eg)o: boxing-glove; -o-kombat-o: boxing-match. — DEFR
• boy-o (nav.) buoy; -ego: large buoy; bollard; salv- -o: life buoy. — DEFIRS
• boyar-o (title) boyar(d). — DEFIRS
• Brabant Brabant; -ano: Brabantian.
• brac-o (nav.) brace of a yard; -agar: to brace (a rope of a yard). — DEFIS
• bracelet-o bracelet. — DEFIRS
• brach-o (knee-) breeches, knickerbockers (cf. pantalono); -izar: to but b. on; sen- -igar, des- -izar: to take b. off; -if-isto: b. maker; -junt-uro: flat of b. — EFIS
• bradip-o (zool.) bradypus: the sloth. — EFIS
• brak-o brach-hound; Def.: Speco di chas-hundo, rezapila e oreli pendanta. — DEFIS
• braki-o arm (anat. and fig. as a. of sea); -ala: brachial; -edo: armful; -umo: brassard, armlet (to show function or office); -o-truo: a.hole; ye -o-disto: at arm’s length; kun -i inter-plektita: a. in a. — DEFIS
• brakicefal-a brachycephalous. — DEFIRS
• brakiopod-o brachiopod. — DEFIS
• brakistokron-o (math.) brachistrochrone. — DEFI
• brakte-o (bot.) bract(ea). — DEFIS
• bram-ar (intr.) to make the characteristic call of any animal, except that of the dog, fox, cat, cock, crow, frog, hen; -(ad)o: bellowing (of a bull); lowing (of cows); braying (of an ass); bleating (of sheep); neighing (of a horse); (fig.) roaring, yelling (of a mob). Def.: vorto generala por omna krii di bestii. — FIS
• braman-o Brahman; -ismo: Brahmanism. — DEFIRS
• bran-o bran; -o-pano: b.bread. — EF
• branch-o (also geom., genal.) bough, branch (cf. ramo); -aro: boughs, branches, ramifications; -eto: twig; -oza: branchy; -ifar: to produce branches; -igar: to cause to b.; -izar: add a b. to (a gas or water-main); komerco- -o: b. of commerce; -o-fasko: bundle of fagots; -o-taliar, -tranchar, sen- -igar: to trim, prune, cut off the b.s; (cf. emundar); -o-voyo: b. way, connecting road; sen- -a: branchless. (Note: for branch of knowledge fako). — DEFIR
• brand-o (fire-)brand; a piece of wood partly burnt; -o-agitar: to stir up, poke the fire. — DEFI
• brandi-o brandy. — DEF
• brandis-ar (tr.) to brandish, flourish (a sword, etc.). — EFIS
• brankard-o; -i shaft(s) (of a cart, wagon, etc.) V. exp.: Brankardo ne esas timono: veturo havas, od un timono (por du kavali) o du brankardi (por un kavalo, o tri kavali). — F
• branki-o (zool.) branchia: gill. — EFIS
• brankiopod-o (zool.) branchiopod. — DEFIS
• bras-ar (tr.) to stir: mix up ingredients; (fig.) to concoct, contrive, polot, (schemes, plots, etc.); afer- -isto: company promoter, etc. Ex.: Brasar oro ed arjento en la kruzelo. — FIS
• brav-a brave, valiant, valorous, bold; -(ul)o: a b. person; -eso: (quality) bravery; -ajo: a b. act; -acho: swaggerer, blusterer; -e: bravely; (interj.) bravo! — DEFIRS
• bravur-ario (mus.) bravura (-air). — DEF
• braz-ar to braze: join with spelter (hard solder). V. exp.: vid. weldar. — EF
• Brazili-a Brazil; -ano: Brazilian.
• brech-o breach, break, gap, opening (in a wall, etc.) dento-brech-oza: gap-toothed; -izar: to make a breach, gap in (ulo). — DEFIRS
• brek-o break; light wagonette. — DEFIS
• brelan-o brelan: a card game. — DFI
• brem-o (ich.) bream (Abramis Brama). — EFS
• bretel-o strap (to carry a knapsack, pack, etc.) strap, sling (for a musket, rifle); brace, suspender (to hold up trousers); -i, paro: a pair of suspenders, braces. — FI
• Breton-a Breton; -o: a Breton; -ia: Brittany.
• brev-o (pope’s) brief. — DEFIRS
• breviar-o (rel.) breviary. — DEFIS
• brez-o embers, live coals; -koquar: to broil, braise (in e.); -uyo, -koquilo: broiler, braiser; -baseno: brazier, warming-pan. Def.: Ligno konvertita en karbono per komusto, sive ardoranta, sive extingita. — EFIS
• brid-o bridle (of a horse) (fig.) check, curb; -eto: snaffle-b.; -izar: to a b. on; -agar: (fig.) to check. — EFIS
• brig-o (nav.) brig; -seglo: spanker. — DEFIRS
• brigad-o (milit.) brigade; -generalo: brigadier-general. — DEFIRS
• brigantin-o (nav.) brigantine. — DEFIRS
• brik-o brick; -eto, karbon- -o: briquette, patent fuel; -ea: b. colored; -izar: to b. up; -ifar: to make b.s; -if-erio: b.-kiln, -yard; -o polisanta: bathbrick; -o-mason-isto: brickmason; -imit-uro: b. imitation; -konstruktado, -masonado: brick-laying. — DEFR
• bril-ar (intr.) to shine: emit or reflect light; be luminous, bright, brilliant, radiant; to glitter, glisten (cf. cin-til-ifar); -o, -eso: sheen, shining, brilliancy; -egar: to be resplendent, to glare; -anta stilo: brilliant style; Ex.: La suno, steli, oro, okuli brilas. — DEFIS
• briliant-o (gem.) brilliant, diamond. — DEFRS
• brin-o short end or bit (of a cord, rope); Def.: Parto (seciono o segmento) di kordo. — FS
• brioch-o brioche; a buttered cake or roll. — F
• brisk-a brisk, lively, sprightly. — E
• Britan-a British (ancient); -o: Briton; -ia: Great Britain; -iano: British person.
• briz-o breeze (of wind); -oza: breezy. — DEFIRS
• brizant-o sunken-reef, -rock. V. exp.: Rifo salias super l’aquo, ma brizanto esas rokajo reze l’aquo, sur qua la ondi ruptesas. — F
• broch-o brooch; -o-pinglo: breast-pin, scarf-pin; safety-pin. — DEFRS
• brod-ar (tr.) to embroider: ornament with figures, needle-work. — EFS
• brokant-ar (intr.) to deal in second-hand goods; -isto, -ero: broker: second-hand dealer. — EF
• brokat-o (fabric) brocade. — DEFIRS
• brokatel-o (fabric and min.) brocatel. — DEFIRS
• brokoli-kaulo broccoli: a hardy variety of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea botrytis). — DEFI
• brom-o (chem.) bromine. — DEFIRS
• bromid-o (chem.) bromide. — DER
• bronki-o (anat.) bronchus; -ala: bronchial; -i: bronchia. — DEFIRS
• bronkit-o (med.) bronchitis. — DEFIRS
• brontosaur-o brontosaurus. — DEFIRS
• bronz-o bronze; -ea: b. colored; -izar: to bronze; -o gis-ita: cast in b. — DEFIRS
• bros-ar (tr.) to brush (the hair, etc.); -ilo: a b. — EFS
• brosh-ar (tr.) to stitch, sew (books); -uro: brochure: pamphlet stitched, with paper covers; (cf. pamfleto); -ita; stitched, in paper covers. — DEFR
• brov-o eye-brow, brow; -ala: superciliary; -oza: thick-browed; -agar, -movar, -kontraktar: to knit one’s b.s to frown, flinch. — DER
• bru-o husk, shell (of nuts). Def.: Verda shelo (generale, di nuco). — F
• bruet-o wheelbarrow; -agar, -portar: to wheel in a b. — F
• bruis-ar (intr.) to make a noise: rustle, rattle, rumble, clatter, hum; -(ad)o: noise of any kind, but chiefly when loud or disagreeable; rattle, rumbling, roaring, whistling (of wind); report (of a gun); bang, slam (of a door), etc; -ego: a loud noise; crash, din, tumult, uproar; -etar: to rustle, murmur; -igar: to cause (ulo) to make a noise, to rattle. — F
• brul-ar (tr., intr.) to burn: consume with fire (wood, coal, oil); to wound or injure with fire; to scorch, parch, dry up; (fig.) to be inflamed (with passion), to be ardent; -(ad)o: burning (act); -eso: burning (taste, smell); blight; -brul-oleo: lamp oil, coal oil, kerosene; brul-spegulo: burning glass; -ajo: a burnt object; -ita: burnt; -uro, -vund-uro: a burn; -ebla: combustible, inflammable; -odoro: smell of burning; Ex.: La Romani brulis Carthage. La suno brulas la planti. V. exp.:Brular esas la vulgara, kombustar esas la ciencala vorto. On uzas brular ne nur por kombusti videbla, kun flamo, ma anke por la vundi facita da bolianta aquo. Altraparte, on uzas kombustar por omna oxidigo, mem nerapida e nevidebla: ex: la respirado esas kombusto; explozo esas anke kombusto. Nur la vulgara vorta uzesas metafore; on dicas ‘Me kordio brulas de amo.’ On povas dicar, ke ulo kombustar sen brular, se ol nek flamifas nek ardoras (t.e. divenas fairoreda). — F
• brun-a brown; dusky, swarthy (complexioned), dark (haired); -ino: a dark (dark-haired, dark-complexioned) woman; -et-ino: brunette; -atra: brownish; -igar: to make b., darken; (fig.) to sunburn; -reda: red-brown, baycolored; -or-a, -ea: golden b.; -eskar: to turn b. — DEFIR
• Brunei Brunei. — DEFIRS
• brunis-ar (tr., tech.) to burnish (brass, gold, etc.). Def.: Procedo por polisar metali. — DEFIS
• Brunsvig Brunswick (Duchy of).
• brusk-a brusque: gruff, abrupt, blunt (in address or manners); -a departo: abrupt departure; -a repliko: a gruff reply; -eso: abruptness, rudeness; -ajo: offensive language, act or manner. — DEFIS
• brut-o brute (animal; fig. of man); -ala: brutal; -al-eso: brutality (cf. besti-al-eso); -al-ajo: an act of brutality; -igar: to brutalize; -eskar: to become brutalized; -atra, -ema: brutish; -ig-anta: brutalizing; -ale traktar: to treat (ulu) brutally. — EFIS
• bub-o a street Arab; -ino: gypsy-like girl; gamine, hoyden; -ulo: gamin; -acho: young scamp, blackguard. Def.: Mizeroza o malicoza puero vaganta en la stradi. — D
• bubal-o (zool.) bubalis: African antelope (Bubalis). — EFIRS
• bubon-o (med.) bubo; -ala,-oza pesto: bubonic plague. — DEFIRS
• buch-ar (tr.) to butcher, slaughter (animals); -erio: abattoir. — EF
• bud-ar (intr.) to be sulky, sullen, look sour (cf. facar muzelo); -(ad)o: sulking; -era, -ero, -ema, -emo: sulky (person). Def.: Manifestar nekontenteso, mala humoro per silenco, agado, expreso di la fizionomio. Ex.: La puero budas, nam ilua matro ne permisas ke il ludas. — F
• budjet-o (fin.) budget. — DEFR
• buduar-o boudoir: lady’s private room. — DEFR
• buf-ar (intr.) to swell, puff out; to distend (as cheeks by blowing); to stand out (as stout silks, starched muslin, etc.); -igar: to cause to puff, swell out; stofo buf-anta: stuff that stands out well (does not cling to the figure). — DF
• bufal-o (zool.) buffalo; -ledro: b. leather, hide. — DEFIS
• bufet-o buffet: refreshment room (at balls, R.R. stations, etc.). — DEFR
• bufon-o buffoon, jester, clown, merry-andrew; -ala, -atra: buffoonlike, facetious; -aji: buffoonery; -esar: to be a b.; (fig.) to be jocose; -opera: opera bouffe; -kant-isto: comic singer; facar -aji: to play the b.; make jests. — DEFRS
• bufr-o buffer (as on R.R.). — DER
• *bug-ar (tr.) to bugger. Def.: Koitar en l’anuso.
• bugl-o key-bugle. Def.: Trumpeto kun klavi. — DEFS
• bugran-o buckram. Def.: Tolo forta e rigida (gumizita). — EFIS
• buh-o great-owl, eagle-owl (Bubo maximus).
• buji-o candle (made from wax, etc.); (surg.) bougie. — DEFS
• buket-o bouquet, nosegay; -uyo, -vaso: b.holder. — DEFR
• Bukhari-a Bokhara.
• bukl-o buckle (of girdle, shoe, etc.); -o-pinto: tongue of b.; -agar: to b. — EFIRS
• bukmaker-o bookmaker, bookie. Def.: Profesionisto dil pariado ye kavalo-konkurso-kuri. — DEFI
• bukolik-o bucolic (poem). — DEFIS
• bul-o ball (as for play in billiards, baseball, etc.); -eto: small ball, marble pellet (not E. bullet, vid. kuglo); -o-ludo: ball play; aero-bul(et)o: air-bubble; niv- -o: snowball. B. exp.: vid. balono. — EFS
• bulb-o (bot. anat.) bulb; -oza, -atra: bulbous. — EFIS
• buldog-o bulldog. — DEF
• buldozer-o bulldozer. — DEFIRS
• buletin-o bulletin. Def.: Mikra jurnalo, revuo, o periodala raporto. — DEFIS
• Bulgari-a Bulgaria; -ano: Bulgarian.
• bulimi-o (med.) boulimia. Def.: Nenaturala, nesaturebla apetito. — EFIS
• bulin-o (nav.) bowline. Def.: Kordo qua tensas la seglo per l’infra angulo. — DEF
• bulion-o broth, bouillon (clear beef soup). — DEFRS
• bul-letro (papal) bull. bulb-o: — EF
• bulvard-o boulevard. — DEFIR
• bumerang-o boomerang. — DEFIRS
• bunt-a many-colored; motley, streaked, checkered, piebald, dappled; -igar, -izar: to varigate (with colors), to streak (with many colors). — D
• bur-o short-hair or other materials used in stuffing saddle-pads, making mortar, etc.; wad, wadding (for guns); -izar: to wad, tamp, pad, stuff; -iz-ilo: tamping-bar; ramrod. Def.: Amaso de pili, sive di animali, sive di ula lana o silka stolo; to quon on pozas sur la kargajo di la pafili. — FIS
• burask-o (nav.) squall; (fig.) outburst of passion. Def.: To ne esas ventego, nek tempesto, ma subita e neduranta ventobato. — FIS
• burbilion-o core (of boil or abcess). — F
• burdon-o humble-, bumble-bee. (Bombus) — F
• burel-o frieze, baize: a coarse woollen fabric. — FIS
• buret-o (tech.) burette: graduated measuring glass. — DEFS
• burg-o borough, market-town. — EFS
• burgrav-o (title) burgrave. — DEFIS
• Burgund-a Burgundian (ancient); -ia: Burgundy; -iano: Burgundian (modern).
• burjon-o burgeon, bud; -oza: budded, full of buds; -ifar: to bud. — EF
• burlesk-a burlesque; ludicrous; -ajo, la -a: a b. — DEFIS
• Burm-a Burma; -ano: Burmese.
• burnus-o bernouse, Arab cloak. — DEFR
• burokrat-o bureaucrat; -ala: bureaucraatic; -aro, -ismo: bureaucracy; (fig.) -ach-ismo: red-tapism. — DEFIS
• burs-o purse, wallet, pocket-book; -o-furt-isto, -ero: cut-purse, pick-picket. Def.: Saketo por portar moneti en la posho. — DEFIS
• Burundi Burundi. — DEFIRS
• bus-o (bot.) box(-wood) tree (genus Buxus); -ligna, -o: box-wood. — DEFIRS
• bush-o thicket, spinney (cf. arbusto); -eyo, -agro, -bosko, -lando: bush-land. — DEFI
• bushel-o bushel. — EFR
• busk-o busk: corset stays. — EF
• busol-o (mariner’s) compass; -buxo: binnacle. — DFI
• busprit-o bowsprit. — DEFIRS
• bust-o bust: head and shoulders of body, or as represented in sculpture and painting. — DEFIRS
• bustrofedon-o boustrophedon; an ancient mode of writing. — DEF
• but-ar (intr.) to stumble, butt, knock, run, strike (sur, kontre ulo); -ilo, -bufro: buffer: anything so placed as to act as a stop; -stono, -ig-ilo: stumbling-block; -juntar, -pozar: to butt-joint; adjust two boards side by side or end for end so as not to overlap (opp. to clinker-build); (cf. klinar); kapo-, pedo- -ar: to strike with the head or foot (cf. mis-pazar). Ex.: Ca kavalo butas ye singla pazo. — EF
• butan-o butane. — DEFIRS
• butik-o (Eng.) shop; (U.S.) store; -isto: tradesman, shopkeeper; -serv-isto: shop-boy, -assistant; -komizo: (shop-) clerk. — FI
• butono-o button (of a garment); -agar: to b.; -izar: to fasten b. on; -ifar: to make b.s; -truo: b.hole; -tir-ilo: b. hook; kolumo- -o: collar-stud; paramento- -o: cuff-link. — EFIS
• butor-o (orni.) bittern (genus Botaurus). — F
• butr-o butter; -ifar: to b. (ulo); -if-eyo: b. dairy; -uyo: b. dish, b. holder; -if-ilo: churn; -o-lakto: b. milk; -iz-ita pano: (a slice of bread and b.). — DEFIR
• buvrel-o (orni.) bullfinch (Pyrrhula vulgaris, P. rubicilla). — F
• bux-o box; letro- -o: letter-b.; -o-kovrilo: b. cover. — DE
• buzard-o buzzard (genus: Buteo vulgaris). — DEFS

C

• c.e. (=co esas) i.e. (that is to say).
• ca, -o (pl. ci) abbreviation of ica, ici.
• car-o czar or czarina; -ino: czarina; -ulo: c.; -ido: child of c.; czarevitch; -ala: relating to the c. — DEFIRS
• ced-ar (tr.) to cede, yield (up); give (up); to assign (property);(cf. alienar); -o: yielding, relinquishment; -ema: conciliatory; -ebla: transferable, assignable; -ario: grantee, assignee. — EFIS
• cedili-o (gram.) cedilla. — DEFIRS
• cedr-o (bot.) cedar (-tree). — DEFIRS
• cedrat-o (fruit) cedrate: a kind of citron (cf. citrono); -iero: c. tree; -konfit-ajo: candied c. — DEFIS
• cedul-o cedula, private memorandum, note — EFIRS
• cefalopod-o (zool.) cephalopod. — DEFIS
• cek-o (anat.) caecum. — EFIRS
• cel-ar (tr.) to hide, secrete, conceal, keep secret; -ita: hidden, clandestine; -e, -eme: secretly, by stealth; -etar, -achar: (intr.) to be sly, affect mystery; -ach-em-(ul)o: a sly or mysterious person; cele pafar: to shoot from cover; celo-trovo: (game) hide and seek; ludar ye celo-trovo: to play at hide-and seek. Ant.: revelar, montrar, divulgar. — EFIS
• celebr-ar (tr.) to celebrate, commemorate. Ex.: Celebrar mariajo, funero, jubileo, aniversario, meso. — DEFIS
• celeri-o (bot.) celery. — DEFR
• celib-a celibate, unmarried; -o, -ulo, -ino: a c.; -eso: celibacy, single life; -ul-eyo: bachelor’s room(s). — DEFIS
• celofan-o cellophane. — DEFIRS
• celul-o cell: small room in convent, prison, etc.; small cavity (as in a honey-comb); -ala, -oza: cellular, cellulous. — DEFIRS
• celuloid-o celluloid. — DEFIRS
• celulos-o cellulose. — DEFIRS
• cement-o cement: kind of mortar for building, as Portland c.; -izar: to c.; (of teeth) to fill a cavity with c. — DEFIRS
• cementac-ar (tr., metall.) to cement: to convert iron into steel, to case-harden; -o: cementation. — DEFIRS
• cen-o scene, scenery (theat.); -ala: scenic: theatrical, dramatic; -eyo: stage; -o-plano, -aro: scenario; en- -igar: to put (ulo) on the stage; la -o chanjas: the s. changes; la -o esas en Roma: the s. is in Rome. — DEFIRS
• cenobit-o a cenobite. — DEFIS
• cenotafi-o cenotaph. — DEFIS
• cens-o ‘cense’: amount of taxes, income, which entitles a person to vote; -o elektala: electoral qualification. Def.: La revenuo evaluata da la statal autoritati, sive por taxo, sive por ula yuro (elektiveso). — DEFIRS
• censor-o (Roman magistrate) censor. — DEFIRS
• censur-ar (tr.) to censure (mail, books, plays); -anto, -isto: censor. — DEFIRS
• «cent» (money) cent (pl. cent-i). — DEFIRS
• cent-o one hundred; (in reckoning interest or fractional parts) cent.; -opl-a, -o: centuple, a hundredfold; -imo: a hundredth part (for other derivatives cf. duo); -esma aniversario: centenary; -yara: centennial; -yar-ulo, -ino, -iero: centenarian; yar-cento: a century; mi-yar- -o: a half-century; tri po cento: three per cent. — DEFIRS
• centaur-o (aston., myth.) centaur. — DEFIRS
• centaure-o (bot.) centaury (Chlora perfoliata Centaurea). — EFIS
• centezimal-a centesimal (fraction, division). — DEFIRS
• centi- centi-. Note: this means that some of the roots beginning centi- given in Dyer have now become compounds, i.e. those roots have ceased to exist. Def.: Prefixo indikanta la centima parto. — EFS
• centiar-o centiare: 1.196 sq. yd. — DEFIRS
• centifoli-o (bot.) cabbage-rose, centifolious rose (Rosa centifolia). — DEF
• centigrad-a centigrade. — DEFIS
• centigram-o centigram. — DEFIRS
• centilitr-o centiliter (0.61028 cu.in.). — DEFIRS
• centim-o (money) centime; -serch-isto: pinch-penney, curmudgeon. — DEFIRS
• centimetr-o centimeter (0.3937 in.). — DEFIRS
• centon-o (mus., litr.) cento. — DEF
• centr-o (also fig.) center; -ala: central; -al-igar: to centralise; -al-ig(ad)o: centralization; -al-ig-anta, -ema: centralizing. — DEFIRS
• centrifug-ar (tr.) to act on something by centrifugal force; -ala: centrifugal. Def.: Agar, traktar per centrifugala forco. — DEFIRS
• centripet-ala centripetal. — DEFIRS
• centuri-o (Rom. hist.) century: division of 100 men. — DEFIRS
• centurion-o (hist.) centurion. — DEFIS
• cep-o (bot.) boletus edulis, esculent boletus. — F
• ceptr-o scepter. — DEFIRS
• cer-o wax-taper, church candle. — EFIS
• ceramik-o ceramics. — DEFIS
• cerat-o (pharm.) cerate (ointment). — DEFIS
• cerber-o (pr. and fig.) Cerberus. — DEFIRS
• cereal-a, -o cereal. — DEFIS
• cerebel-o (anat.) cerebellum. — EFIS
• cerebr-o brain; -ala: cerebral; -ago: cerebration. — DEFIS
• ceremoni-o ceremony, formalities prescribed by authority or etiquette; -ala: ceremonial; -ema, -oza: ceremonious, formal; -aro, i: ceremonial, etiquette; facar -i: to stand upon ceremonies. — DEFIRS
• cerfoli-o (bot.) chervil. — FIL
• ceriz-o cherry; -iero: c. tree; -ea: cerise, c. colored; -ier-eyo:c. orchard. — EFS
• cerizlaur-o cherry-laurel, laurel-cherry; laurel bay, (Cerasus (prunus) laurocerasus).
• cern-ar (tr., milit., and fig.) to make a circle or ring around, encircle, to beset on all sides, besiege, beleaguer, blockade, invest, hem in; to cut or dig around (a tree); okuli blu-cern-ita: eyes with dark circles. V.exp: Cernar ne esas simple cirkondar, ma enemike cirkondar ed enklozar, por kaptar. Vorto necesa, ne nur en milital arto, ma metefore en la komuna linguo. — DF
• cert-a certain, sure, indubitable, positive; -e: certainly, surely, assuredly (cf. sen-dubite); -ajo: a certainty; -eso: certitude, assurance; -igar: to certify: make certain, assure, guarantee; -igo: certification; -ig-ajo, -uro: certificate, testimonal; -ig-anto: certifier, guarantee. — EFIS
• certen-a certain. Def.: Inter ula e certa, preske certa, certatra. — EF
• certi-o tree creeper (bird).
• certifik-ar to certify. Def.: Atestar ulo kom certa, kom autentika. — DEFIS
• cerumen-o cerumen; ear-wax. — DEFIS
• ceruz-o ceruse: white-lead. Def.: Sub-karbato di plombo, uzata kom farbo blanka. — EFIS
• cerv-o deer; -ino: hind, roe; -ulo: stag, hart; -yuno: young d. — FIRS
• ces (mus.) C flat.
• ces-ar (tr., intr.) to cease; to come to an end, leave off, stop; -igar: to put a stop or an end to, discontinue; -o: cessation; -igo: discontinuation; sen- -a: unceasing. — EFIS
• cesi-o (chem. elem.) caesium. — DEFIRS
• cest-o (Rom. antiq.) cestus. — DEFI
• cetace-o (zool.) cetacean animal. — DEFIS
• ceter-o, -i (indefinite adjective-pronoun) rest, remainder; -e: besides, moreover, for that matter, in other respects; e ceter-i, -e: (e.c.) et cetera (etc.) — L
• Ceylon Ceylon; -ano: Cingalese.
• Cezar-ala Caesarean; -ismo: Caesarism; -ala operaco: C. operation.
• cezur-o (verse) caesura. — DEFIS
• chagren-ar (intr.) to grieve, to have sorrow; -igar: to grieve, render gloomy, sadden; -o: grief, sorrow: mental suffering (cf. doloro); -anta: sorrowful, sad. Ant. chagreno: joyo, gayeso. — F
• chak-o (milit. headdress) shako. — DEF
• chaket-o ‘jacquet’; a kind of backgammon. — FS
• chalaz-o (bot., embryol.) chalaza. — DE
• chalenj-o challenge-cup (N.B. not the E. ‘challenge’ (cf. defio). Def.: (Premio en) konkurso en qua la premio ne donesas, ma prestesas dum tempo a la vinkinto, til ke altra partiso vinkas ica e konquestas la premio. — F
• cham-o (zool.) chamois (Rupicapra tragus); -o-pelo: shammy-skin, chamois-leather; -ea: shammy color, buff. — EF
• chamad-o chamade: trumpet or drum signal for parley. — DEFR
• chamar-o (coat) polonaise. Def.: Speco di redingoto kun transversa kordoni avane, polona vesto de revolucional epoko dil XIX yarcento. — S
• chambelan-o chamberlain. — EFIS
• chambr-o chamber, room; (fig.) a house of parliament; -eto: small room; -aro: rooms (collect.), a suite; -o mobl-iz-ita: a furnished room; -o di komerco: c. of commerce; -o di deputati: c. of deputies; -o-robo: dressing-gown; -o-serv-isto: valet; -o-(serv)ist-ino: chambermaid; manjo- -o: dining room; balno- -o: bath-room. — EFI
• champani-o champagne (wine). — DEFIRS
• Champani-a Champagne; -ano: (man) of C.
• champinion-o champignon (mushroom). Def.: Genero de fungi dil familio agaricenei, manjebla. — DEF
• champion-o champion; -eso: championship; -o per libereso: c. of liberty; lukto- -o: c.wrestler. — DEF
• chanc-o (good or bad) chance, luck, fortune; possibility; la -i di milito: the fortunes of war; probar la -o: to run the risk, take a chance; la -i di morto en la diversa evi: the chances (probabilities) of death at different ages. — DEFI
• chanfren-o face of a horse (or other animal, from ears to nostrils). Def.: Avana parto di kapo di kavalo. — EF
• chanj-ar (tr., intr.) to change, shift; (cf. kambiar, permutar, alterar); -ebla, -ema: changeable, mutable, fickle. Def.: Substitucar ula kozo ad altra en un sama loko o funciono, anke prenar un kozo vice altra, o pos altra. Ulo chanjas, kande, restante la sama esence, ol recevas altra stando, figuro, o qulaeso. Ex.: Me chanjas mea vesti. Me chanjas la tapiso. El chanjas sua kofio. On chanjas sua fako, vagono, treno, lojeyo (co nule signifikas ke on alteras ta kozi o transformas li; on livas li generale nealterita). Ant.: mantenar, restar, konservar. — EFI
• chankr-o (med.) chancre. — DEFR
• chant-o the small side or edge of a large flat body; libro pozita sur chanto: a book placed on end or edge. Def.: Laterala, streta edro di korpo larja e plata. — DF
• chao ciao. (interjeciono). Expresuro di saluto neformal qua uzesas kande on separas su de ulu (= til la rivido) — DEFIRS
• chap-o ferrule, cap; (ch. vest) cope; (arch.) coping. — DFS
• chapel-o hat (with brim all around, for man or woman); -uyo, -buxo: hat-holder, -box; -if-isto: hat-maker; -vend-isto: hat-seller; -levo, -saluto: a lifting of hat; deprenar la -o: to take off, remove the hat; -o tri-korna: a three-cornered hat; klerik- -o: clerical hat. — FI
• chapitr-o chapter (of a book). — DEFIRS
• chaplet-o chaplet, rosary. — I
• char-o (antiq.) chariot; (modern) a two wheeled cart or a four wheeled ornamented car; -eto: any light two wheeled cart, jaunting-car, cariole; -edo: cart-load; dukt-isto: carter; -(et)agar: to cart (ulo); bovo- -o: ox-cart; funerala -o: hearse; triumfala -o: triumphal car. — DEFIS
• chariot-o good van, truck: four-wheeled sided wagon for carrying goods; -agar: to cart, truck. Def.: Kargo-veturo kun quar roti. — F
• charj-ar (tr.) to load, burden (somebody or something with something), to load (a gun), lade (a vehicle); charjo-bestio: beast of burden; -eg-ita: overloaded; super- -ar: to overload. V. exp.: On kargas vari sur veturo e charjas veturo per vari. — EFIS
• charm-ar (tr.) to charm: delight, captivate, enchant; (cf. ravisar, facinar, sorcar); -o, -eso: charm, enchantment; -anto, -ero: charmer; -anta, -iva: charming, delightful, pleasing; -egar: to ravish, greatly enchant. — EF
• charnir-o hinge (of a door, a box, etc.); (mechan.) joint (as compasses); universal -o: (mechan.) universal joint (cf. gondo). — DFIRS
• chart-o charter: document granting special rights or privileges. — DEFIRS
• chas-ar (tr., intr.) to chase: hunt; -ajo: game; -ant-aro: hunting party; -er-ino: huntress; -fusilo: fowling-piece; -gard-isto: gamekeeper; -hundo: hunting-dog. — EFIS
• chast-a chaste: untainted by lewdness; (fig.) refined, pure (in taste, style); -eso: chastity. — EFIS
• chazubl-o (eccl.) chasuble. — EF
• che (prep) at, to, in (somebody’s house, home, or place), with (to indicate customs); che la bakisto: at the baker’s; venez che me: come to my house; hiere me esis che mea onklulo: yesterday I was at my uncle’s; che la Spartani esis kustumo expozar febla infanti: it was customary with the Spartans to expose weakly infants. — F
• chef-o chief, leader, head; -a: chief (of things; cf. precipua); -ala: chief’s, relating to the leader; chief; -eso: (position, authority) leadership; -esar: to be chief, be in command; -injerioro: chief engineer; -a klefo: master-key; -kontrolisto: superintendent, comptroller, overseer; -ministro: prime minister, premier; -sacerdoto: chief priest; -urbo: chief town, capital (cf. metropolo). — DEFRS
• chek-o (bank-) check, cheque; -o-kayero: c. book. — DEFRS
• Chek-a Czech; -o: a Czech; -o-Slovaki-a: Czechoslovakia.
• chelat-o (helmet) sallet. Def.: Speco di kasko uzata en la mezepoko e 16ª yarcento. — EFIS
• cher-a dear (in price), costly; -eso: dearness, high price; (plu-) -igar: to cause (ulo) to raise in price; -eskar: to become, grow dearer. Def.: Multe kustanta. Ant. chipa. — FIS
• cherp-ar (tr.) to draw liquids; (cf. rakar); (fig.) to take, borrow. Ex.: Cherpar aquo de fonto, de rivero. Cherpar vino de barelo. La autoro cherpas peco de altra autoro. — R
• chevron-o (arch.) chevron (fig.) any inverted V-shaped object, as a rafter. — EFRS
• chifchaf-o chiffchaff. — E
• chifr-ar (tr.) to write in secret cipher (cf. kriptografar); -o: cipher: secret mode of writing; des- -ar: to translate from cipher; (cf. dechifrar). V. exp.: Chifrar expresas l’ago kompozar kriptografuro, t.e. sekreta texto, qua tradukas la vera texto per ula moyeno o regulo nomita klefo. Dechifrado ne esas l’inversa ago di chifrar, ma la deskrovo di la klefo e la traduko di la kriptografuro. — DEF
• chig-o (ent.) chigoe, jigger (Sarcopsylla penetrans). — EFS
• chik-a chic, stylish and original, natty, smart; -eso: chic, knack, skill, address (in doing anything); originality and taste (as in dress). — DEFR
• chil-o (physiol.) chyle. — DEFIRS
• Chili Chile; -ano: Chilean.
• chim-o (physiol.) chyme. — DEFIRS
• chimpanze-o (zool.) chimpanzee. — DEFIRS
• chinchil-o chinchilla (animal). — DEFIRS
• Chini-a China; -ano: Chinese; Chini-inko: Indian ink.
• chinion-o chignon: back hair of a woman. — DEF
• chip-a cheap, low (in price). Def.: Poke kustanta. Ant.: chera. — E
• Chipr-o Cyprus; -ano: Cypriot.
• chitin-o (biol.) chitin. — DEFIS
• choan-o choana, posterior nares. — DEFIS
• chokolad-o chocolate. — DEFIRS
• chom-ar (tr., intr.) to be out of work, to suspend work on, to rest from work; -(ad)o: remaining idle from want of work; -eso: (state) cessation or want of work. Ex.: On chomas la sundii. La laboristi chomas pro blokal exkluzo. — F
• chopin-o a beer glass (containing about a pint); (fig.) a pint; -edo: a pintful. — DE
• chose-o roadway, causeway, travelling part (for horses, carriages, etc.). — DF
• chuv-o (orni.) jackdaw (Corvus monedula).
• cian-o (chem.) cyanogen; -a acido: cyanic acid. — DEF
• cianhidr-a cianhydric, hydrocyanic, prussic.
• cianid-o cyanide. — DER
• ciatik-a sciatic; -nevralgio: sciatica.
• cibernetik-o cybernetics. — DEFIRS
• cibol-o (bot.) cibol, a kind of onion. (Allium fistulosum). — DEFIRS
• cibori-o (eccl.) pyx, ciborium. — DEFI
• cicisbe-o cicisbeo. Def.: Amoranto di siorino, qua esas quaze oficale agnoskata e servas el publike. — DEFIRS
• cidr-o cider. — DEFIRS
• ciel-o (pr. and fig.) sky, heaven; -ala: celestial, heavenly; danko a la -o: thanks to heaven, to God! -blua: sky-blue; -skrap-ero: sky-scraper; -vulto: the celestial vault. — FIS
• cienc-o science; -ala: scientific; -oz-(ul)o, isto: scientist, savant; learned or erudite person in any branch of knowledge; -ist-acho: pedant; -oz-ega: most learned. Def.: Savo exakta e sistemigita pri ula temo o grupo di temi, qua relatas la arti libera (gramatiko, logiko, muziko, e.c.). — EFIS
• cifr-o digit (1, 2, 3, 4; I, II, III, etc.); -o-plako: dial-plate (with numbers; cf. skalo-plato); -eto: small number at side of a larger number, as 32. Def.: Tipo o signo qua reprezentas nombro (Araba o Romana). — DEFIRS
• cigan-o gipsy. — DFIR
• cign-o swan; -eto, -yuno: cygnet; -o-kanto: s.song; -o-kolo: s.neck. — EFIS
• cikad-o (ent.) cicada. — DEFIRS
• cikatr-o scar, cicatrice: mark remaining from wound or ulcer; -igar, -eskar: to cicatrize. — EFIS
• cikl-o cycle: time period; velocipede. — DEFIRS
• ciklamen-o (bot.) cyclamen. — DEFIS
• ciklit-o cyclitis. — DEFIS
• cikloid-o (geom.) cycloid. — DEFIRS
• ciklometri-o (math.) cyclometry. — DEF
• ciklon-o cyclone, tornado, typhoon; a violent rotary wind. — DEFIRS
• ciklop-o (myth. and fig.) Cyclops. — DEFIRS
• ciklotron-o cyclotron. — DEFIRS
• cikoni-o (orni.) stork (genus: Cyconia). — FISL
• cikori-o (bot.) chicory (Cichorium). — DEFIRS
• cikut-o (bot. tree or poison) hemlock (Conium maculatum and species of Cicuta). — L
• cili-o eyelash; (biol.) cilium; -ala: ciliary; -iz-ita: ciliated.
• ciliar-a (anat.) ciliary.
• cilic-o cilice: haircloth (worn in mortification). — DEFIS
• Cilici-a Cilicia.
• cilindr-o (geom., tech.) cylinder; -a, -ala, -atra: cylindrical. — DEFIRS
• cim-o (ent.) (bed-)bug (Cimex lectularius). — IL
• cimas-o (arch.) cyma, ogee. — DEFIS
• cimbal-o (mus. instr.) cymbal. — DEFRS
• cimitar-o scimitar, Oriental saber. — EFIS
• cinabr-o cinnabar, (in the Fine Arts) vermilion; -ea, -o-reda: vermilion colored. — DEFIRS
• cinam-o cinnamon (bark); -iero: c. tree; -vino: hippocras. — DER
• cindr-o ash(es), cinders (of coal); embers (of wood); dust: remains of the dead; (cf. eskarbilo; -ea: ash colored; -o-blonda: pale ashburn; -oza, -atra: ashy; -uyo: ash-holder, -pan, -box; -igar: to reduce (ulo) to ashes, incinerate (cf. kremacar; -igo: incineration; -izar: to cover with ashes; -o-merkurdio: Ash-Wednesday. — EFI
• cinekamer-o cine-camera. — EIRS
• cinem-o popular abbr. for cinematografilo or, more especially a moving-picture theater, cinema, picture-house.
• cinematik-o (physics) kinematics. — DEFIRS
• cinematograf-ar (tr., intr.) to show moving pictures; -uro: moving picture; -ilo: kinetoscope, bioscope, cinematograph.
• cinerari-o (bot.) cineraria (Cineraria). — DEFIS
• cinetik-a kinetic (energy). — DEFIRS
• cinik-o cynic; -a, -ala, -atra: cynical; -eso: cynicism. — DEFIS
• cinkl-o dipper (bird). — F
• cinocefal-o (zool.) cynocephalus: dog-faced baboon (family: Cynocephalus). — EFIS
• cintil-o spark (of fire); sparkle (of anything shining or vivid); -ifar: to emit sparks, to shine brightly, glitter, glisten, sparkle, flash, twinkle, scintillate. — EFIS
• cipo (arch.) cippus: small pillar or column. — DEFIRS
• cipres-o (bot.) cypress(-tree) (genus: Cupressus). — DEFIRS
• ciprin-o (ich.) cyprinoid, scientific name for the carp: genus: Cyprinus. — EFIS
• ciraj-o polish (as for boots), (boot-)blacking; -izar: to black or polish (boots); -iz-isto: bootblack. — FIS
• circinat-a circinate, rolled up like a young fern leaf. — EFS
• cirk-o circus; -o-kavalo: c. horse. — DEFIRS
• Cirkasi-a Circassia; -ano: Circassian.
• cirkl-o circle (cf. rondo); -a, -ala, -atra: circular, round; -o-kurvo, periferio: circumference of a c.; quadratigo di la -o: squaring of c.; jirar -e: to turn in a c. — EFIRS
• cirkonciz-ar (tr.) to circumcise; -o: circumcision; -ita, -ito: circumcised (person). — EFIS
• cirkond-ar (tr.) to surround, embrace, encompass (cf. cernar); -anta: surrounding; -ata, -ita: surrounded, enclosed; -anti: (fig.) confidants, friends, relations; Ex.: Me vidas oldi cirkondita da infanti.
• cirkonflex-a, -o circumflex (accent). — DEFIS
• cirkonspekt-a circumspect, wary, cautious; -e: cautiously. V. exp.: Cirkonspekta ne esas simple prudenta, ma predenteso desfidema, qua ‘regardas cirkum su’, konsideras omna lateri od elementi ante decidar od agar. Ant.: sen-reflekta, ne-atenc-ema. — EFIS
• cirkonstanc-o circumstance: a fact, occurence, or condition attending something else; -ala: circumstantial; -i tenu-ig-anta: extenuating circumstances. — EFIS
• cirkonvalacion-o (fort.) circumvallation. — EFIRS
• cirkonvolucion-o cirkumvolution; that which is rolled around something (cf. parafrazo). — EFIS
• cirkuit-o circuit: circumference, compass; roundabout way; (Eng. and U.S.) circuit (of judges); kurta -o: (elec.) short c. Ex.: La cirkuito di ca urbo esas kin kilometri. Irar en cirkuito. — EFIS
• cirkul-ar (intr.) to circulate: to move around, to flow in a circuitous channel; (of money, etc.) to pass from hand to hand; -igar: to cause to c., move around; (money) put into circulation, issue. Ex.: La sango cirkulas en la korpo. La tero cirkulas cirkum la suno. Cirkulado di idei. — DEFIRS
• cirkuler-o circular (letter, notice). — DEFIRS
• cirkum, -e (prep., adv.) around, about, roundabout (place, time, quantity); (cf. proxim); -ajo, -aji: surroundings, environment, frame, setting; (cf. medio) -irar: (tr., intr.) to go or wind around (as an obstacle); -iro, -turno: circuitous way, detour; -klozar: (tr.) to fence around, inclose; -lekar: to lick around (one’s chops), (fig). to gloat over; -muro: inclosure-wall; -navig-(ad)o: circumnavigation; -pola: circumpolar; -skribar: (tr., geom.) to circumscribe; -vicina, -jac-anta: circumjacent. Ex.: Vu mustas vartar cirkume un horo. Vi departos cirkum tri kloki. El spensis cirkume duadek dollar-i. Me promenis en la tre interesant cirkumajo. — L
• cis (mus.) C sharp. Ant.: trans. — L
• cis (prep.) on this side of (anything); -e: this side; -a: hither; -alpa: cisalpine; - la ponto: on this side of the bridge
• cisoid-o (math.) cissoid. — DEF
• cistercian-o (monk) Cistercian.
• cistern-o cistern, tank (for storing rain-fall). — DEFIRS
• cit-ar (tr.) to cite, quote; -(ad)o: citing, citation (act); -ajo: text cited, citation; -ato: author cited; -o-hoketo: quotation mark. V. exp.: On citas autoro repetante lua paroli o texto; on mencionas autoro o libro, kande on nomas li sen citar li. On referas ad autoro, libro, e.c. kande on indikas la loko, en qua trovos ulo aludata o benzonata. On alegas fakti, argumenti, atesti, motivi, por pruvar o por justifikar ulo. — DEFIRS
• citadel-o (also fig.) citadel. — DEFIRS
• citar-o (antiq. music) cithara, cithern. — DEFIRS
• citiz-o (bot.) cytisus. — DEFIRS
• citodierez-o (biol.) cytodieresis, mitosis.
• citokin-o cytokine. — DEFIRS
• citrat-o citrate. — DEFIRS
• citron-o (fruit) citron, lime; (cf. limono, cedrato); - iero: citron-tree, lime-tree (Citrus); -suko: lime-juice; -liquoro: citron-water (cf. limonado). — DEF
• citrus-o citrus. — DEFRS
• civet-o (zool.) civet-cat: (Viverra zibetha). — DEFIRS
• civil-a civil: pertaining to a citizen and his rights (not milit., or criminal) lay (opposed to ecclesiastical); -(ul)o: civilian; -a kodexo: c. code; -a mariajo: c. marriage; -a stando: civil condition: social state of persons, whether married or single, living or dead, etc. Def.: Civila stando: Ensemblo di la docukumenti, relativa a la sociala stando di singla civitani. — DEFIRS
• civiliz-ar (tr.) to civilize; -eso: civilization: state of advancement in the arts and sciences (cf. kulturo). — DEFIRS
• civism-o civism: civic spirit; -ala: civic. V. exp.: Civismo esas devoteso di homo a sua sam-civitani o sam-statani; patriotismo: esas devoteso, amo a patrio. — DEFIS
• civit-o city: the older, most ancient part of a town (cf. urbo); -ano: citizen; -an-eso: citizenship; -an-igar: to confer the rights of a citizen, (cf. nacion-al-igar): -an-igo: naturalization; -an-ala milito: civil war; -an-ala yuro: common law. — IS
• ciz-o scissors; -ego: shears; -agar: (tr.) to scissor, shear. — EFI
• cizel-ar (tr.) to chisel, chase; -ilo: chisel; kava -ilo: gouge (cf. skultar). — DEFIRS
• «conquistador» conquistador: conqueror of Spanish America.
• «corpus juris» (jur.) corpus juris: body of the law.